Registration N 19993

In accordance with the Federal Law of March 30, 1999 N 52-FZ "On the sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population" (Collection of Legislation Russian Federation, 1999, N 14, Art. 1650; 2002, N 1 (part 1), Art. 2; 2003, N 2, art. 167; 2003, N 27 (part 1), Art. 2700; 2004, N 35, art. 3607; 2005, N 19, art. 1752; 2006, N 1, art. 10; 2006, N 52 (part 1), Art. 5498; 2007, N 1 (part 1), art. 21; 2007, N 1 (part 1), art. 29; 2007, N 27, art. 3213; 2007, N 46, art. 5554; 2007, N 49, art. 6070; 2008, N 24, art. 2801; 2008, N 29 (part 1), Art. 3418; 2008, N 30 (part 2), Art. 3616; 2008, N 44, art. 4984; 2008, N 52 (part 1), art. 6223; 2009, N 1, art. 17; 2010, N 40, art. 4969) and Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated July 24, 2000 N 554 "On Approval of the Regulations on the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation and the Regulations on State Sanitary and Epidemiological Rationing" (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2000, N 31, Art. 3295; 2004 , N 8, item 663; 2004, N 47, item 4666; 2005, N 39, item 3953) I decide:

1. Approve the sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10 "Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the conditions and organization of training in general educational institutions" (application).

2. Enact these sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations from September 1, 2011.

3. Since the introduction of SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10, consider the sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations SanPiN 2.4.2.1178-02 "Hygienic requirements for the conditions of education in general education institutions" approved by the decision of the Main State sanitary doctor of the Russian Federation, First Deputy Minister of Health of the Russian Federation dated November 28, 2002 N 44 (registered in the Ministry of Justice of Russia on December 5, 2002, registration number 3997), SanPiN 2.4.2.2434-08 "Change N 1 to SanPiN 2.4.2.1178-02", approved by the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of December 26, 2008 N 72 (registered in the Ministry of Justice of Russia on January 28, 2009, registration number 13189).

G. Onishchenko

Application

Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the conditions and organization of education in educational institutions

Sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10

I. General provisions and scope

1.1. These sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations (hereinafter referred to as the sanitary rules) are aimed at protecting the health of students in the implementation of activities for their education and upbringing in educational institutions.

1.2. These sanitary rules establish sanitary and epidemiological requirements for:

Placement of a general educational institution;

Territories of a general educational institution;

The building of a general educational institution;

Equipping the premises of a general educational institution;

Air-thermal regime of a general educational institution;

Natural and artificial lighting;

Water supply and sewerage;

Premises and equipment of educational institutions located in adapted buildings;

The mode of the educational process;

Organizations of medical care for students;

Sanitary condition and maintenance of the educational institution;

Compliance with sanitary rules.

1.3. Sanitary rules apply to designed, operating, under construction and reconstructed educational institutions, regardless of their type, organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership.

These sanitary rules apply to all educational institutions that implement programs of primary general, basic general and secondary (complete) general education and carry out the educational process in accordance with the levels of general education programs of three levels of general education:

first step - primary general education(hereinafter referred to as the I stage of education);

the second stage is the basic general education (hereinafter referred to as the II stage of education);

the third step is secondary (complete) general education (hereinafter referred to as the third step of education).

1.4. These sanitary rules are binding on all citizens, legal entities And individual entrepreneurs whose activities are related to the design, construction, reconstruction, operation of educational institutions, education and training of students.

1.5. Educational activities is subject to licensing in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. The condition for making a decision on issuing a license is the submission by the license applicant of a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion on the compliance with the sanitary rules of buildings, territories, premises, equipment and other property, the mode of the educational process, which the license applicant intends to use for educational activities*.

1.6. If available in the institution preschool groups implementing the main general educational program of preschool education, their activities are regulated by sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the device, content and organization of the operating mode of preschool organizations.

1.7. The use of premises of educational institutions for other purposes is not allowed.

1.8. Control over the implementation of these sanitary rules is carried out in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation by the authorized federal executive body exercising the functions of control and supervision in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population, protecting the rights of consumers and the consumer market and its territorial bodies.

II. Requirements for the placement of educational institutions

2.1. The provision of land plots for the construction of objects of educational institutions is allowed if there is a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion on the compliance of the land plot with sanitary rules.

2.2. Buildings of educational institutions should be located in a residential area, outside the sanitary protection zones of enterprises, structures and other facilities, sanitary gaps, garages, parking lots, highways, facilities railway transport, metro, takeoff and landing routes of air transport.

To ensure the normative levels of insolation and natural lighting of premises and playgrounds when placing buildings of educational institutions, sanitary gaps from residential and public buildings must be observed.

The main engineering communications of urban (rural) purposes - water supply, sewerage, heat supply, energy supply - should not pass through the territory of educational institutions.

2.3. Newly constructed buildings of educational institutions are located on the intra-quarter territories of residential microdistricts, remote from city streets, inter-quarter passages at a distance that provides noise levels and air pollution to the requirements of sanitary rules and regulations.

2.4. When designing and building urban educational institutions, it is recommended to provide for pedestrian accessibility of institutions located:

In II and III building-climatic zones - no more than 0.5 km;

In the I climatic region (I subzone) for students of the I and II stages of education - no more than 0.3 km, for students of the III stage of education - no more than 0.4 km;

In the I climatic region (II subzone) for students of the I and II stages of education - no more than 0.4 km, for students of the III stage of education - no more than 0.5 km.

2.5. IN countryside pedestrian accessibility for students of educational institutions:

In the II and III climatic zones for students of the I stage of education is no more than 2.0 km;

For students of the II and III stages of education - no more than 4.0 km, in the I climatic zone - 1.5 and 3 km, respectively.

At distances exceeding those indicated for students of educational institutions located in rural areas, it is necessary to organize transport services to the educational institution and back. Travel time should not exceed 30 minutes one way.

The transportation of students is carried out by a specially allocated transport intended for the transportation of children.

The optimal pedestrian approach of students to the gathering place at the stop should be no more than 500 m. For rural areas, it is allowed to increase the radius of walking distance to the stop up to 1 km.

2.6. It is recommended for students living at a distance exceeding the maximum allowable transport service, as well as in case of transport inaccessibility during adverse weather conditions, to provide a boarding school with educational institution.

III. Requirements for the territory of educational institutions

3.1. The territory of the educational institution should be fenced and landscaped. Landscaping of the territory is provided at the rate of at least 50% of the area of ​​its territory. When placing the territory of a general educational institution on the border with forests and gardens, it is allowed to reduce the landscaping area by 10%.

Trees are planted at a distance of at least 15.0 m, and shrubs at least 5.0 m from the building of the institution. When landscaping the territory, trees and shrubs with poisonous fruits are not used in order to prevent the occurrence of poisoning among students.

It is allowed to reduce the landscaping with trees and shrubs of the territories of educational institutions in the regions of the Far North, taking into account the special climatic conditions in these regions.

3.2. On the territory of a general educational institution, the following zones are distinguished: a recreation area, a sports and economic area. It is allowed to allocate a training and experimental zone.

When organizing a training and experimental zone, it is not allowed to reduce the physical culture and sports zone and the recreation area.

3.3. It is recommended to place the physical culture and sports zone on the side of the gym. When placing a physical culture and sports area from the windows of classrooms, noise levels in classrooms should not exceed hygienic standards for residential, public buildings and residential areas.

When constructing treadmills and sports grounds (volleyball, basketball, handball), drainage must be provided to prevent flooding with rainwater.

The equipment of the physical culture and sports zone should ensure the implementation of the programs of the subject "Physical Education", as well as the holding of sectional sports classes and recreational activities.

Sports and playgrounds must have a hard surface, a football field - a grass cover. Synthetic and polymer coatings must be frost-resistant, equipped with drains and must be made of materials that are harmless to children's health.

Classes on damp areas with bumps and potholes are not carried out.

Physical culture and sports equipment should correspond to the height and age of students.

3.4. For the implementation of the programs of the subject "Physical culture" it is allowed to use sports facilities (grounds, stadiums) located near the institution and equipped in accordance with sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the arrangement and maintenance of places for physical culture and sports.

3.5. When designing and building educational institutions on the territory, it is necessary to provide a recreation area for organizing outdoor games and recreation for students attending after-school groups, as well as for implementing educational programs that provide for outdoor activities.

3.6. The economic zone is located on the side of the entrance to industrial premises dining room and has an independent entrance from the street. In the absence of heating and centralized water supply, a boiler room and a pump room with a water tank are placed on the territory of the economic zone.

3.7. To collect waste on the territory of the economic zone, a platform is equipped on which garbage collectors (containers) are installed. The site is located at a distance of at least 25.0 m from the entrance to the catering unit and the windows of classrooms and classrooms and is equipped with a waterproof hard coated, the dimensions of which exceed the base area of ​​the containers by 1.0 m in all directions. Garbage bins must have tight-fitting lids.

3.8. Entrances and entrances to the territory, driveways, paths to outbuildings, to areas for garbage collectors are covered with asphalt, concrete and other hard surfaces.

3.9. The territory of the institution must have outdoor artificial lighting. The level of artificial illumination on the ground must be at least 10 lux.

3.10. The location on the territory of buildings and structures that are not functionally related to a general educational institution is not allowed.

3.11. If there are preschool groups in a general educational institution that implement the main general educational program of preschool education, a play area is allocated on the territory, equipped in accordance with the requirements for the device, content and organization of the working hours of preschool organizations.

3.12. Noise levels on the territory of a general education institution should not exceed the hygienic standards for premises of residential, public buildings and residential areas.

IV. building requirements

4.1. Architectural and planning solutions of the building should provide:

Allocation to a separate block of classrooms primary school with exits to the site;

Location of recreational facilities in close proximity to educational facilities;

Accommodation on the upper floors (above the third floor) of classrooms and classrooms attended by students in grades 8-11, administrative and utility rooms;

Exclusion of the harmful effects of environmental factors in a general education institution on the life and health of students;

Placement of training workshops, assembly and sports halls of educational institutions, their total area, as well as a set of premises for circle work, depending on local conditions and the capabilities of the educational institution, in compliance with the requirements building codes and rules and these sanitary rules.

Previously constructed buildings of educational institutions are operated in accordance with the project.

4.2. Basement floors are not allowed basements for classrooms, classrooms, laboratories, training workshops, medical facilities, sports, dance and assembly halls.

4.3. The capacity of newly built or reconstructed educational institutions should be calculated for training in only one shift.

4.4. Entrances to the building can be equipped with vestibules or air and air-thermal curtains, depending on the climatic zone and the calculated outdoor temperature, in accordance with the requirements of building codes and regulations.

4.5. When designing, constructing and reconstructing a building of a general educational institution, wardrobes must be placed on the 1st floor with the obligatory equipment of places for each class. Wardrobes are equipped with hangers for clothes and cells for shoes.

In existing buildings for primary school students, it is possible to place a wardrobe in recreation areas, provided that they are equipped with individual lockers.

In institutions located in rural areas, with the number of students in one class of no more than 10 people, it is allowed to arrange wardrobes (hangers or lockers) in classrooms, subject to the norm of the area of ​​the classroom for 1 student.

4.6. Primary students secondary school should be taught in the classrooms assigned to each class.

4.7. In newly constructed buildings of educational institutions, it is recommended to allocate classrooms for primary classes in a separate block (building), group them into educational sections.

In the training sections (blocks) for students in grades 1 - 4 are placed: classrooms with recreation, game rooms for extended day groups (based on at least 2.5 m 2 per student), toilets.

For 1st grade students attending extended day groups, sleeping quarters with an area of ​​at least 4.0 m 2 per child should be provided.

4.8. For students of the II - III stage of education, the organization of the educational process according to the class-room system is allowed.

If it is impossible to ensure that classrooms and laboratories match the educational furniture with the growth and age characteristics of students, it is not recommended to use the classroom system of education.

In general educational institutions located in rural areas, with a small number of classes, it is allowed to use classrooms in two or more disciplines.

4.9. The area of ​​classrooms is taken without taking into account the area required for arranging additional furniture (wardrobes, cabinets, etc.) for storage teaching aids and equipment used in the educational process, based on:

Not less than 2.5 m 2 per 1 student with frontal forms of classes;

Not less than 3.5 m 2 per 1 student when organizing group forms of work and individual lessons.

In newly constructed and reconstructed buildings of educational institutions, the height of educational premises must be at least 3.6 m 2.

The estimated number of students in classes is determined based on the calculation of the area per student and the arrangement of furniture in accordance with Section V of these sanitary rules.

4.10. In the classrooms of chemistry, physics, biology, laboratory assistants should be equipped.

4.11. The area of ​​computer science classrooms and other classrooms where personal computers, must comply with the hygienic requirements for personal electronic computers and the organization of work.

4.12. The set and area of ​​premises for extracurricular activities, circle classes and sections must comply with the sanitary and epidemiological requirements for institutions of additional education for children.

When placing a sports hall on the 2nd floor and above, sound and vibration isolation measures must be taken.

The number and types of sports halls are provided depending on the type of educational institution and its capacity.

4.14. At sports halls in existing educational institutions, equipment must be provided; dressing rooms for boys and girls. It is recommended to equip gyms with separate showers and toilets for boys and girls.

4.15. In the newly constructed buildings of educational institutions at sports halls, the following should be provided: projectile; rooms for storing cleaning equipment and preparing disinfectant and washing solutions with an area of ​​at least 4.0 m 2; separate dressing rooms for boys and girls with an area of ​​at least 14.0 m 2 each; separate showers for boys and girls with an area of ​​at least 12 m 2 each; separate toilets for boys and girls with an area of ​​at least 8.0 m 2 each. Toilets or locker rooms are equipped with sinks for washing hands.

4.16. When constructing swimming pools in educational institutions, planning decisions and its operation must meet hygienic requirements for the device, operation of swimming pools and water quality.

4.17. In general educational institutions, it is necessary to provide a set of rooms for organizing meals for students in accordance with the sanitary and epidemiological requirements for organizing meals for students in general educational institutions, institutions of primary and secondary vocational education.

4.18. During the construction and reconstruction of buildings of educational institutions, it is recommended to provide an assembly hall, the dimensions of which are determined by the number of seats at the rate of 0.65 m 2 per seat.

4.19. The type of library depends on the type of educational institution and its capacity. In institutions with in-depth study of individual subjects, gymnasiums and lyceums, the library should be used as a reference and information center of a general education institution.

The area of ​​the library (information center) must be taken at the rate of at least 0.6 m 2 per student.

When equipped information centers computer technology hygienic requirements for personal electronic computers and organization of work must be observed.

4.20. Recreational facilities of educational institutions should be provided at the rate of at least 0.6 m 2 per 1 student.

The width of recreations with a one-sided arrangement of classes should be at least 4.0 m, with a two-sided arrangement of classes - at least 6.0 m.

When designing a recreation area in the form of halls, the area is set at the rate of 2 m 2 per student.

4.21. In existing buildings of educational institutions for medical care of students, medical facilities should be provided on the first floor of the building, located in a single block: a doctor's office with an area of ​​at least 14.0 m 2 and a length of at least 7.0 m (to determine the acuity of hearing and vision of students ) and a procedural (vaccination) room with an area of ​​at least 14.0 m 2.

In general educational institutions located in rural areas, it is allowed to organize medical care at feldsher-obstetric stations and outpatient clinics.

4.22. For newly constructed and reconstructed buildings of educational institutions, the following premises for medical care should be equipped: a doctor's office with a length of at least 7.0 m (to determine the acuity of hearing and vision of students) with an area of ​​at least 21.0 m 2; treatment and vaccination rooms with an area of ​​at least 14.0 m 2 each; a room for the preparation of disinfectant solutions and storage of cleaning equipment intended for medical premises, with an area of ​​at least 4.0 m 2; toilet.

When equipping a dental office, its area must be at least 12.0 m 2.

All medical facilities should be grouped in one block and located on the 1st floor of the building.

4.23. The doctor's office, procedural, vaccination and dental rooms are equipped in accordance with the sanitary and epidemiological requirements for organizations that carry out medical activity. The vaccination room is equipped in accordance with the requirements for the organization of immunoprophylaxis of infectious diseases.

4.24. For children in need of psychological and pedagogical assistance, separate rooms of a teacher-psychologist and a teacher-speech therapist with an area of ​​at least 10 m 2 each are provided in general educational institutions.

4.25. On each floor there should be toilets for boys and girls, equipped with cubicles with doors. The number of sanitary appliances is determined on the basis of: 1 toilet bowl for 20 girls, 1 wash basin for 30 girls: 1 toilet bowl, 1 urinal and 1 wash basin for 30 boys. The area of ​​sanitary facilities for boys and girls should be taken at the rate of at least 0.1 m 2 per student.

A separate bathroom is allocated for staff at the rate of 1 toilet for 20 people.

In previously built buildings of educational institutions, the number of sanitary facilities and sanitary appliances is allowed in accordance with the design decision.

In sanitary facilities, pedal buckets and toilet paper holders are installed; an electric towel or a paper towel holder is placed next to the washbasins. Sanitary equipment must be in good working order, free of chips, cracks and other defects. Entrances to the bathrooms are not allowed to be located opposite the entrance to the classrooms.

Toilets are equipped with seats made of materials that allow them to be treated with detergents and disinfectants.

For students of II and III levels of education in newly built and reconstructed buildings of educational institutions, personal hygiene rooms are provided at the rate of 1 cabin for 70 people with an area of ​​at least 3.0 m 2. They are equipped with a bidet or a tray with a flexible hose, a toilet bowl and a washbasin with cold and hot water supply.

For previously constructed buildings of educational institutions, it is recommended to equip personal hygiene cabins in the toilet rooms.

4.26. In the newly constructed buildings of educational institutions, on each floor, a room is provided for storing and processing cleaning equipment, preparing disinfectant solutions, equipped with a tray and cold and hot water supply to it. In previously built buildings of educational institutions, a separate place is allocated for storing all cleaning equipment (except for equipment intended for cleaning catering and medical facilities), which is equipped with a cabinet.

4.27. In the premises of primary classes, laboratory, classrooms (chemistry, physics, drawing, biology), workshops, home economics, in all medical facilities, washbasins are installed.

The installation of sinks in classrooms should be provided for, taking into account the growth and age characteristics of students: at a height of 0.5 m from the floor to the side of the sink for students in grades 1-4 and at a height of 0.7-0.8 m from the floor to the side of the sink for students in grades 5 - 11. Pedal buckets and toilet paper holders are installed near the sinks. Electric or paper towels and soap are placed next to the washbasins. Soap, toilet paper and towels should be available at all times.

4.28. The ceilings and walls of all rooms must be smooth, without cracks, cracks, deformations, signs of fungus damage and allowing them to be cleaned with a wet method using disinfectants. It is allowed in classrooms, classrooms, recreations and other premises to equip suspended ceilings made of materials permitted for use in general educational institutions, provided that the height of the premises is not less than 2.75 m, and in newly built buildings not less than 3.6 m.

4.29. Floors in classrooms and classrooms and recreation areas must have plank, parquet, tile or linoleum flooring. In the case of using a tile coating, the surface of the tile must be matte and rough, not allowing slipping. The floors of toilets and washrooms are recommended to be lined with ceramic tiles.

Floors in all rooms must be free of cracks, defects and mechanical damage.

4.30. In medical premises, the surfaces of the ceiling, walls and floor must be smooth, allowing them to be cleaned with a wet method and resistant to the action of detergents and disinfectants approved for use in medical premises.

4.31. All building and finishing materials must be harmless to the health of children.

4.32. In a general education institution and a school boarding school, all types of repair work in the presence of students.

4.33. A boarding school at a general educational institution may be included as a structural unit in a general educational institution, if the general educational institution is located in excess of the maximum allowable transport service.

The building of a boarding school at a general educational institution may be separate, and also be part of the main building of a general educational institution with its allocation to an independent block with a separate entrance.

As part of the premises of a boarding school at a general education institution, the following should be provided:

Sleeping quarters separately for boys and girls with an area of ​​at least 4.0 m 2 per person;

Premises for self-training with an area of ​​at least 2.5 m 2 per person;

Rest rooms and psychological relief;

Washrooms (1 sink for 10 people), toilets (1 toilet for 10 girls, 1 toilet and 1 urinal for 20 boys, each toilet has 1 sink for washing hands), showers (1 shower net for 20 people), hygiene room. Pedal buckets, toilet paper holders are installed in toilets; electric or paper towels and soap are placed next to washbasins. Soap, toilet paper and towels should be available at all times;

Rooms for drying clothes and shoes;

Rooms for washing and ironing personal belongings;

Storage room for personal belongings;

Medical room: doctor's office and

Insulator;

Administrative and economic premises.

The equipment, decoration of the premises and their maintenance must comply with the hygienic requirements for the device, maintenance, organization of the working hours in orphanages and boarding schools for orphans and children left without parental care.

For a newly built boarding school at a general education institution, the main building of the general education institution and the building of the boarding school are connected by a warm transition.

4.34. Noise levels in the premises of a general educational institution should not exceed the hygienic standards for premises of residential, public buildings and residential areas

V. Requirements for premises and equipment

educational institutions

5.1. The number of jobs for students should not exceed the capacity of the educational institution provided for by the project according to which the building was built (reconstructed).

Each student is provided with a workplace (at a desk or table, game modules and others) in accordance with his height.

5.2. Depending on the purpose of the classrooms, various types of student furniture can be used: school desks, student tables (single and double), classroom, drawing or laboratory tables complete with chairs, desks and others. Stools or benches are not used instead of chairs.

Student furniture must be made of materials that are harmless to the health of children, and must comply with the growth and age characteristics of children and ergonomic requirements.

5.3. The main type of student furniture for students of the 1st stage of education should be a school desk, provided with a tilt regulator for the surface of the working plane. During the teaching of writing and reading, the slope of the working surface of the plane of the school desk should be 7-15. The front edge of the seat surface should go beyond the front edge of the working plane of the desk by 4 cm at the desks of the 1st number, by 5 - 6 cm - at the 2nd and 3rd numbers and by 7 - 8 cm at the desks of the 4th number.

The dimensions of the educational furniture, depending on the height of the students, must correspond to the values ​​\u200b\u200bgiven in Table 1.

Combined use allowed different types student furniture (desks, desks).

Depending on the height group, the height above the floor of the front edge of the desk top facing the student should have the following values: with a body length of 1150 - 1300 mm - 750 mm, 1300 - 1450 mm - 850 mm and 1450 - 1600 mm - 950 mm. The angle of inclination of the table top is 15 - 17 .

The duration of continuous work at the desk for students of the 1st stage of education should not exceed 7-10 minutes, and for students of the 2nd-3rd stage of education - 15 minutes.

5.4. To select educational furniture according to the growth of students, it is made color coding, which is applied to the visible side outer surface of the table and chair in the form of a circle or stripes.

5.5. Desks (tables) are placed in classrooms by numbers: smaller ones are closer to the blackboard, larger ones are farther away. For children with hearing impairments, desks should be placed in the front row.

Children who often suffer from acute respiratory infections, tonsillitis, colds should be seated further from the outer wall.

At least twice during the academic year, students sitting on the outer rows, rows 1 and 3 (with a three-row arrangement of desks), change places without violating the correspondence of the furniture to their height.

In order to prevent postural disorders, it is necessary to cultivate the correct working posture for students from the first days of attending classes in accordance with the recommendations of Appendix 1 of these sanitary rules.

5.6. When equipping classrooms, the following dimensions of aisles and distances in centimeters are observed:

Between the rows of double tables - at least 60;

Between a row of tables and an outer longitudinal wall - at least 50 - 70;

Between a row of tables and an internal longitudinal wall (partition) or cabinets along this wall - at least 50;

From the last tables to the wall (partition) opposite the blackboard - at least 70, from the back wall, which is external - 100;

From the demonstration table to the training board - at least 100;

From the first desk to the training board - at least 240;

The greatest distance of the last place of the student from the educational board - 860;

The height of the lower edge of the training board above the floor is 70 - 90;

The distance from the blackboard to the first row of tables in square or transverse cabinets with a four-row arrangement of furniture is at least 300.

The angle of visibility of the board from the edge of the board 3.0 m long to the middle of the extreme place of the student at the front table must be at least 35 degrees for students of the II-III levels of education and at least 45 degrees for students of the I level of education.

The most distant place of employment from the windows should not be more than 6.0 m.

In educational institutions of the first climatic region, the distance of tables (desks) from the outer wall must be at least 1.0 m.

When installing desks in addition to the main student furniture, they are placed behind the last row of tables or the first row from the wall opposite the light-bearing one, in compliance with the requirements for the size of the passages and the distances between the equipment.

This arrangement of furniture does not apply to classrooms equipped with interactive whiteboards.

In newly constructed and reconstructed buildings of educational institutions, it is necessary to provide for a rectangular configuration of classrooms and classrooms with student tables located along the windows and left-hand natural lighting.

5.7. Chalkboards (using chalk) should be made of materials that adhere well to writing materials, clean well with a damp sponge, be durable, dark green in color and anti-reflective.

Blackboards should have trays for holding chalk dust, storing chalk, rags, and a holder for drawing supplies.

When using a marker board, the color of the marker should be contrasting (black, red, brown, dark tones of blue and green).

It is allowed to equip classrooms and classrooms with interactive whiteboards that meet hygienic requirements. When using an interactive whiteboard and a projection screen, it is necessary to ensure its uniform illumination and the absence of bright spots of light.

5.8. Physics and chemistry classrooms should be equipped with special demonstration tables. To ensure better visibility of educational visual aids, the demonstration table is installed on the podium. Student and demonstration tables must be resistant to aggressive chemical substances cover and protective edges along the outer edge of the table.

The chemistry cabinet and the laboratory assistant are equipped with fume hoods.

5.9. The equipment of informatics classrooms must comply with hygienic requirements for personal electronic computers and the organization of work.

5.10. Workshops for labor training must have an area at the rate of 6.0 m 2 per 1 workplace. The placement of equipment in the workshops is carried out taking into account the creation of favorable conditions for visual work and maintaining the correct working posture.

Carpentry workshops are equipped with workbenches, arranged either at an angle of 45 to the window, or in 3 rows perpendicular to the light-bearing wall so that the light falls on the left. The distance between the workbenches must be at least 0.8 m in the front-rear direction.

In locksmith workshops, both left-handed and right-handed lighting is allowed with a perpendicular arrangement of workbenches to the light-bearing wall. The distance between the rows of single workbenches should be at least 1.0 m, double - 1.5 m. The vise is attached to the workbenches at a distance of 0.9 m between their axes. Locksmith workbenches must be equipped with a safety net 0.65 - 0.7 m high.

Drilling, grinding and other machines should be installed on a special foundation and equipped with safety nets, glasses and local lighting.

Carpentry and locksmith workbenches should be appropriate for the height of students and equipped with footrests.

The dimensions of the tools used for carpentry and metalwork must correspond to the age and height of the students (Appendix 2 of these sanitary rules).

Locksmith and carpentry workshops and service work rooms are equipped with washbasins with cold and hot water supply, electric towels or paper towels.

5.11. In newly constructed and reconstructed buildings of educational institutions in the classrooms of home economics, it is necessary to provide for the presence of at least two rooms: for teaching cooking skills and for cutting and sewing.

5.12. In the home economics classroom used for teaching cooking skills, it is planned to install two-slot sinks with cold and hot water supply with a mixer, at least 2 tables with hygienic coating, a refrigerator, an electric stove and a cupboard for storing dishes. Approved detergents for washing tableware must be provided near sinks.

5.13. The home economics cabinet, used for cutting and sewing, is equipped with tables for drawing patterns and cutting, sewing machines.

Sewing machines are installed along windows to provide left-hand natural light to the work surface. sewing machine or opposite a window for direct (front) natural light to the work surface.

5.14. In the existing buildings of educational institutions, in the presence of one home economics cabinet, a separate place is provided for placing an electric stove, cutting tables, a sink for dishes and a washbasin.

5.15. Labor training workshops and a home economics office, gyms should be equipped with first aid kits to provide first aid. medical care.

5.16. The equipment of classrooms intended for artistic creativity, choreography and music must comply with sanitary and epidemiological requirements for institutions of additional education for children.

5.17. In the playrooms, furniture, play and sports equipment should correspond to the growth data of students. Furniture should be placed around the perimeter of the game room, thereby freeing up the maximum part of the area for outdoor games.

Using upholstered furniture it is necessary to have removable covers (at least two), with their obligatory replacement at least once a month and as they get dirty. Special cabinets are installed for storing toys and manuals.

Televisions are installed on special cabinets at a height of 1.0 - 1.3 m from the floor. When watching TV programs, the placement of spectator seats should ensure a distance of at least 2 m from the screen to the eyes of students.

5.18. Bedrooms for first-graders attending an extended day group should be separate for boys and girls. They are equipped with teenage (size 1600 x 700 mm) or built-in single-tier beds. The beds in the bedrooms are arranged in compliance with the minimum gaps: from the outer walls - at least 0.6 m, from the heaters - 0.2 m, the width of the passage between the beds - at least 1.1 m, between the headboards of two beds - 0.3 - 0.4 m.

VI. Air-thermal requirements

6.1. Buildings of educational institutions are equipped with centralized heating and ventilation systems, which must comply with the design and construction standards for residential and public buildings and provide optimal microclimate and air parameters.

Steam heating is not used in institutions. When installing fences for heating appliances, the materials used must be harmless to the health of children.

Fences made of chipboard and other polymer materials not allowed.

Do not use portable heaters, as well as heaters with infrared radiation.

6.2. The air temperature, depending on climatic conditions in classrooms and offices, psychologist and speech therapist's offices, laboratories, assembly hall, canteen, recreation, library, lobby, wardrobe should be 18 - 24 C; in the gym and rooms for sectional classes, workshops - 17 - 20 C; bedroom, playrooms, premises of preschool education units and school boarding school - 20 - 24 C; medical offices, locker rooms of the gym - 20 - 22 C, showers - 25 C.

For control temperature regime classrooms and classrooms should be equipped with household thermometers.

6.3. During extracurricular time, in the absence of children in the premises of a general educational institution, a temperature of at least 15 C must be maintained.

6.4. In the premises of educational institutions, the relative humidity of the air should be 40 - 60%, the speed of air movement should not exceed 0.1 m / s.

6.5. In the presence of stove heating in existing buildings of educational institutions, a firebox is arranged in the corridor. To avoid indoor air pollution with carbon monoxide, chimneys are closed no earlier than the complete combustion of fuel and no later than two hours before the arrival of students.

Stove heating is not allowed for newly constructed and reconstructed buildings of educational institutions.

6.6. Educational rooms are ventilated during breaks, and recreational rooms are ventilated during lessons. Before the start of classes and after their completion, it is necessary to carry out through ventilation of the classrooms. The duration of through ventilation is determined by weather conditions, wind direction and speed, and the efficiency of the heating system. The recommended duration of cross-ventilation is shown in Table 2.

6.7. Physical education lessons and activities sports sections should be carried out in well-aerated sports halls.

It is necessary to open one or two windows on the leeward side during classes in the hall at an outdoor temperature above plus 5 C and a wind speed of no more than 2 m / s. At a lower temperature and a higher speed of air movement, classes in the hall are carried out with one or three transoms open. When the outside air temperature is below minus 10 C and the air speed is more than 7 m/s, through ventilation of the hall is carried out in the absence of students for 1 - 1.5 minutes; during big breaks and between shifts - 5 - 10 minutes.

When the air temperature reaches plus 14 C, airing in the gym should be stopped.

6.8. Windows must be equipped with hinged transoms with lever devices or vents. The area of ​​transoms and vents used for ventilation in classrooms must be at least 1/50 of the floor area. Transoms and vents should function at any time of the year.

6.9. When replacing window blocks, the glazing area must be maintained or increased.

The plane of opening of windows should provide a mode of ventilation.

6.10. Glazing of windows must be made of solid fiberglass. Broken glass must be replaced immediately.

6.11. Separate exhaust ventilation systems should be provided for the following premises: classrooms and classrooms, assembly halls, swimming pools, shooting ranges, a canteen, a medical center, a cinema room, sanitary facilities, rooms for processing and storing cleaning equipment, carpentry and locksmith workshops.

Mechanical exhaust ventilation is equipped in workshops and service rooms where stoves are installed.

6.12. The concentration of harmful substances in the air of the premises of educational institutions should not exceed the hygienic standards for atmospheric air in populated areas.

VII. Requirements for natural and artificial lighting

7.1. Daylight.

7.1.1. All classrooms must have natural lighting in accordance with the hygienic requirements for natural, artificial, combined lighting of residential and public buildings.

7.1.2. Without natural lighting, it is allowed to design: shell, washrooms, showers, toilets at the gym; showers and toilets for staff; pantries and warehouses, radio nodes; film and photo laboratories; book depositories; boiler, pump water supply and sewerage; ventilation and air conditioning chambers; control units and other premises for installation and control of engineering and technological equipment of buildings; storage facilities for disinfectants.

7.1.3. In classrooms, side natural left-hand lighting should be designed. If the depth of the classrooms is more than 6 m, it is necessary to have a right-hand lighting device, the height of which must be at least 2.2 m from the floor.

The direction of the main light flux in front and behind the students is not allowed.

7.1.4. In workshops for labor training, assembly and sports halls, two-sided lateral natural lighting can be used.

7.1.5. In the premises of educational institutions, normalized values ​​​​of the coefficient of natural illumination (KEO) are provided in accordance with the hygienic requirements for natural, artificial, combined lighting of residential and public buildings.

7.1.6. In classrooms with one-sided lateral natural lighting, KEO on the working surface of the desks at the point of the room furthest from the windows should be at least 1.5%. With two-sided lateral natural lighting, the KEO indicator is calculated on the middle rows and should be 1.5%.

The luminous coefficient (SC - the ratio of the glazed surface area to the floor area) must be at least 1:6.

7.1.7. The windows of the classrooms should be oriented to the south, southeast and east sides of the horizon. The windows of the drafting and drawing rooms, as well as the kitchen room, can be oriented to the northern sides of the horizon. The orientation of the informatics classrooms is to the north, northeast.

7.1.8. The light openings of the classrooms, depending on the climatic zone, are equipped with adjustable sun protection devices (lifting-turn blinds, fabric curtains) with a length not lower than the level of the window sill.

It is recommended to use curtains made of light-colored fabrics that have a sufficient degree of light transmission, good light-scattering properties, which should not reduce the level of natural light. The use of curtains (curtains), including curtains with lambrequins, made of PVC film and other curtains or devices that limit natural light is not allowed.

In the non-working state, the curtains must be placed in the piers between the windows.

7.1.9. For the rational use of daylight and uniform illumination of classrooms, you should:

Do not paint over window panes;

Do not place flowers on window sills, they are placed in portable flower beds 65 - 70 cm high from the floor or hanging planters in the piers between the windows;

Cleaning and washing of glasses should be carried out as they get dirty, but at least 2 times a year (in autumn and spring).

The duration of insolation in classrooms and classrooms should be continuous, in duration not less than:

2.5 hours in the northern zone (north of 58 degrees N);

2.0 hours in the central zone (58 - 48 degrees north latitude);

1.5 hours in the southern zone (south of 48 degrees N).

The absence of insolation is allowed in the classrooms of computer science, physics, chemistry, drawing and drafting, sports and fitness rooms, catering facilities, assembly hall, administrative and utility rooms.

7.2. artificial lighting

7.2.1. In all premises of a general educational institution, levels of artificial illumination are provided in accordance with the hygienic requirements for natural, artificial, combined lighting of residential and public buildings.

7.2.2. In the classrooms, the general lighting system is provided by ceiling lights. Fluorescent lighting is provided using lamps according to the color emission spectrum: white, warm white, natural white.

Luminaires used for artificial lighting of classrooms should provide a favorable distribution of brightness in the field of view, which is limited by the discomfort index (Mt). The indicator of discomfort of the lighting installation of general lighting for any workplace in the class should not exceed 40 units.

7.2.3. Do not use fluorescent lamps and incandescent lamps for general lighting in the same room.

7.2.4. In classrooms, classrooms, laboratories, illumination levels must comply with the following standards: on desktops - 300 - 500 lux, in technical drawing and drawing rooms - 500 lux, in computer science classrooms on tables - 300 - 500 lux, on a blackboard - 300 - 500 lux, in assembly and sports halls (on the floor) - 200 lux, in recreations (on the floor) - 150 lux.

When using computer technology and the need to combine the perception of information from the screen and keeping records in a notebook, the illumination on the tables of students should be at least 300 lux.

7.2.5. In classrooms, a general lighting system should be used. Luminaires with fluorescent lamps are located parallel to the light-bearing wall at a distance of 1.2 m from the outer wall and 1.5 m from the inner one.

7.2.6. A blackboard that does not have its own glow is equipped with local lighting - spotlights designed to illuminate blackboards.

7.2.7. When designing an artificial lighting system for classrooms, it is necessary to provide for separate switching on of lighting lines.

7.2.8. For the rational use of artificial light and uniform illumination of classrooms, it is necessary to use finishing materials and paints that create a matte surface with reflection coefficients: for the ceiling - 0.7 - 0.9; for walls - 0.5 - 0.7; for the floor - 0.4 - 0.5; for furniture and desks - 0.45; for blackboards - 0.1 - 0.2.

It is recommended to use the following paint colors: for ceilings - white, for walls of classrooms - light colors of yellow, beige, pink, green, blue; for furniture (cabinets, desks) - the color of natural wood or light green; for chalkboards - dark green, dark brown; for doors, window frames - white.

7.2.9. It is necessary to clean the lighting fittings of luminaires as they get dirty, but at least 2 times a year and replace burned-out lamps in a timely manner.

7.2.10. Faulty, burnt-out fluorescent lamps are collected in a container in a specially designated room and sent for recycling in accordance with applicable regulations.

VIII. Requirements for water supply and sewerage

8.1. Buildings of educational institutions must be equipped with centralized systems of domestic and drinking water supply, sewerage and drains in accordance with the requirements for public buildings and structures in terms of domestic and drinking water supply and sanitation.

Cold and hot centralized water supply is provided for the premises of a general educational institution, preschool education and a boarding school at a general educational institution, including: catering facilities, a canteen, pantry, showers, washrooms, personal hygiene cabins, medical facilities, labor training workshops, home economics rooms, primary classrooms, drawing rooms, physics, chemistry and biology rooms, laboratory rooms, rooms for processing cleaning equipment and toilets in newly built and reconstructed educational institutions.

8.2. If there is no centralized water supply in the settlement in the existing buildings of general educational institutions, it is necessary to ensure an uninterrupted supply cold water in the premises of the catering unit, premises for medical purposes, toilets, boarding school premises at a general educational institution and preschool education and the installation of water heating systems.

8.3. Educational institutions provide water that meets the hygienic requirements for the quality and safety of drinking water.

8.4. In buildings of educational institutions, the canteen sewerage system must be separate from the rest and have an independent outlet into the external sewerage system. The risers of the sewerage system from the upper floors should not pass through the production premises of the canteen.

8.5. In non-sewered rural areas, the buildings of general educational institutions are equipped with internal sewerage (such as backlash closets), subject to the installation of local treatment facilities. Outdoor toilets are allowed.

8.6. In general educational institutions, the drinking regime of students is organized in accordance with the sanitary and epidemiological requirements for catering for students in general educational institutions, institutions of primary and secondary vocational education.

IX. Requirements for the premises and equipment of educational institutions located in adapted buildings

9.1. Placement of educational institutions in adapted premises is possible for the period of overhaul (reconstruction) of the existing main buildings of educational institutions.

9.2. When placing a general education institution in an adapted building, it is necessary to have a mandatory set of premises: classrooms, catering facilities, medical facilities, recreation, administrative and utility rooms, bathrooms, cloakrooms.

9.3. The areas of classrooms and classrooms are determined based on the number of students in one class in accordance with the requirements of these sanitary rules.

9.4. If it is not possible to equip your own sports hall, you should use sports facilities located near a general education institution, subject to their compliance with the requirements for the arrangement and maintenance of places for physical culture and sports.

9.5. For small-scale general educational institutions located in rural areas, in the absence of the ability to equip their own medical center, it is allowed to organize medical care at feldsher-obstetric stations and outpatient clinics.

9.6. In the absence of a wardrobe, it is allowed to equip individual lockers located in recreations, corridors.

X. Hygienic requirements for the mode of the educational process

10.1. The optimal age for starting school is not earlier than 7 years. Children of the 8th or 7th year of life are admitted to the 1st grade. Admission of children of the 7th year of life is carried out when they reach the age of at least 6 years 6 months by September 1 of the academic year.

The class capacity, with the exception of compensatory education classes, should not exceed 25 people.

10.2. The education of children under the age of 6 years and 6 months by the beginning of the school year should be carried out in a preschool educational institution or in a general educational institution in compliance with all hygienic requirements for the conditions and organization of the educational process for preschool children.

10.3. To prevent overwork of students in the annual calendar curriculum, it is recommended to provide for an even distribution of periods of study time and holidays.

10.4. Classes should start no earlier than 8:00. Zero lessons are not allowed.

In institutions with in-depth study of individual subjects, lyceums and gymnasiums, training is carried out only in the first shift.

In institutions operating in two shifts, education of 1st, 5th, graduating 9th and 11th grades and classes of compensatory education should be organized in the first shift.

Education in 3 shifts in educational institutions is not allowed.

10.5. The number of hours allotted for students to master the curriculum of a general education institution, which consists of a mandatory part and a part formed by participants in the educational process, should not exceed the total weekly educational load.

The value of the weekly educational load (number of training sessions), implemented through classroom and extracurricular activities, is determined in accordance with Table 3.

The organization of specialized education in grades 10-11 should not lead to an increase in the educational load. The choice of a training profile should be preceded by career guidance work.

10.6. The educational weekly load must be evenly distributed during the school week, while the volume of the maximum allowable load during the day should be:

For students of the 1st grade, it should not exceed 4 lessons and 1 day a week - no more than 5 lessons at the expense of a physical education lesson;

For students of grades 2-4 - no more than 5 lessons, and once a week 6 lessons at the expense of a physical education lesson with a 6-day school week;

For students in grades 5 - 6 - no more than 6 lessons;

For students in grades 7 - 11 - no more than 7 lessons.

The schedule of lessons is compiled separately for compulsory and optional classes. Extracurricular activities should be scheduled on the days with the fewest compulsory lessons. Between the start of extracurricular activities and the last lesson, it is recommended to arrange a break of at least 45 minutes.

10.7. The schedule of lessons is compiled taking into account the daily and weekly mental performance of students and the scale of the difficulty of educational subjects (Appendix 3 of these sanitary rules).

10.8. When scheduling lessons, subjects of various complexity should be alternated throughout the day and week: for students of the first stage of education, the main subjects (mathematics, Russian and foreign languages, natural history, computer science) should be alternated with music lessons, fine arts, labor, physical education; for students of the II and III stages of education, subjects of natural and mathematical profile alternate with humanitarian subjects.

For students of the 1st grade, the most difficult subjects should be taught in the 2nd lesson; 2 - 4 grades - 2 - 3 lessons; for students of 5th - 11th grades at 2nd - 4th lessons.

IN primary school there are no double lessons.

During the school day, you should not conduct more than one control work. Examinations are recommended to be carried out at the 2nd - 4th lessons.

10.9. The duration of a lesson (academic hour) in all classes should not exceed 45 minutes, with the exception of the 1st grade, in which the duration is regulated by paragraph 10.10 of these sanitary rules, and the compensating class, the duration of the lesson in which should not exceed 40 minutes.

Density academic work students in the lessons in the main subjects should be 60 - 80%.

10.10. Education in the 1st grade is carried out in compliance with the following additional requirements:

Training sessions are held on a 5-day school week and only on the first shift;

The use of a "stepped" learning mode in the first half of the year (in September, October - 3 lessons per day, 35 minutes each, in November - December - 4 lessons of 35 minutes each; January - May - 4 lessons of 45 minutes each) ;

For those attending an extended day group, it is necessary to organize daytime sleep (at least 1 hour), 3 meals a day and walks;

Training is conducted without scoring the knowledge of students and homework;

Additional weekly holidays in the middle of the third quarter in the traditional mode of study.

10.11. To prevent overwork and maintain an optimal level of performance during the week, students should have an easy school day on Thursday or Friday.

10.12. The duration of the breaks between lessons is at least 10 minutes, the big break (after the 2nd or 3rd lessons) is 20 - 30 minutes. Instead of one big break, it is allowed to set two breaks of 20 minutes each after the 2nd and 3rd lessons.

It is recommended to organize changes in the open air. To this end, when conducting a daily dynamic pause, it is recommended to increase the duration of a long break to 45 minutes, of which at least 30 minutes are allocated to the organization of motor-active activities for students on the sports ground of the institution, in the gym or in recreation.

10.13. The break between shifts should be at least 30 minutes for wet cleaning in the premises and their ventilation, in case of an unfavorable epidemiological situation for disinfection treatment, the break is increased to 60 minutes.

10.14. The use of innovative educational programs and technologies, class schedules, training modes in the educational process is possible in the absence of their adverse effect on the functional state and health of students.

10.15. In small-scale rural educational institutions, depending on specific conditions, the number of students, their age characteristics, it is allowed to form classes-sets of students at the 1st stage of education. The optimal one is separate education students of different ages of the first stage of education.

When combining students of the first stage of education into a class-set, it is optimal to create it from two classes: grades 1 and 3 (1 + 3), grades 2 and 3 (2 + 3), grades 2 and 4 (2 + 4). To prevent fatigue of students, it is necessary to reduce the duration of combined (especially 4th and 5th) lessons by 5-10 minutes. (except for the lesson of physical culture). The occupancy of the classes-sets must comply with Table 4.

10.16. In classes of compensatory education, the number of students should not exceed 20 people. The duration of the lessons should not exceed 40 minutes. Correctional and developmental classes are included in the volume of the maximum allowable weekly load established for a student of each age.

Regardless of the length of the school week, the number of lessons per day should not be more than 5 in primary grades (except first grade) and more than 6 lessons in grades 5-11.

To prevent overwork and maintain an optimal level of performance, a light training day is organized - Thursday or Friday.

To facilitate and shorten the period of adaptation to the educational process of students in compensatory classes, medical and psychological assistance should be provided by educational psychologists, pediatricians, speech therapists, and other specially trained teachers, as well as using information and communication technologies, visual aids.

10.17. In order to prevent fatigue, impaired posture and vision of students in the classroom, physical education and gymnastics for the eyes should be carried out (Appendix 4 and Appendix 5 of these sanitary rules).

10.18. It is necessary to alternate during the lesson various types of educational activities (with the exception of control works). Average continuous duration various kinds learning activities of students (reading with paper carrier, writing, listening, questioning, etc.) in grades 1-4 should not exceed 7-10 minutes, in grades 5-11 - 10-15 minutes. The distance from the eyes to the notebook or book should be at least 25-35 cm for students in grades 1-4 and at least 30-45 cm for students in grades 5-11.

Duration of continuous use in the educational process technical means learning is set according to table 5.

After using technical training aids associated with visual load, it is necessary to conduct a set of exercises to prevent eye fatigue (Appendix 5), and at the end of the lesson - physical exercises to prevent general fatigue (Appendix 4).

10.19. The mode of training and organization of the work of classrooms using computer technology must comply with the hygienic requirements for personal electronic computers and the organization of work on them.

10.20. To meet the biological need for movement, regardless of the age of students, it is recommended to conduct at least 3 physical education lessons per week, provided for in the volume of the maximum allowable weekly load. It is not allowed to replace physical education lessons with other subjects.

10.21. To increase the motor activity of students, it is recommended to educational plans for students to include subjects of a motor-active nature (choreography, rhythm, modern and ballroom dancing, teaching traditional and national sports games).

10.22. Motor activity of students in addition to physical education lessons in the educational process can be provided by:

Organized outdoor games at recess;

Sports hour for children attending an extended day group;

Extra-curricular sports activities and competitions, school-wide sports events, health days;

self-study physical education in sections and clubs.

10.23. Sports loads in physical education classes, competitions, extracurricular sports activities during a dynamic or sports hour should correspond to the age, state of health and physical fitness of students, as well as weather conditions (if they are organized outdoors).

The distribution of students into the main, preparatory and special groups for participation in physical culture and recreation and sports events is carried out by the doctor, taking into account their state of health (or on the basis of certificates of their health). Students of the main physical culture group are allowed to participate in all sports and recreation activities in accordance with their age. With students of preparatory and special groups, physical culture and health work should be carried out taking into account the conclusion of a doctor.

Students assigned to the preparatory and special groups for health reasons are engaged in physical culture with a decrease in physical activity.

It is advisable to conduct physical education lessons outdoors. The possibility of conducting physical education classes in the open air, as well as outdoor games, is determined by the totality of weather conditions (temperature, relative humidity and air velocity) by climatic zones (Appendix 7).

On rainy, windy and frosty days, physical education classes are held in the hall.

10.24. The motor density of physical culture lessons should be at least 70%.

Students are allowed to test physical fitness, participate in competitions and hikes with the permission of a medical worker. His presence at sports competitions and at classes in swimming pools is mandatory.

10.25. In employment, provided for educational program, it is necessary to alternate tasks of different nature. You should not perform one type of activity in the lesson throughout the entire time of independent work.

10.26. All work in workshops and home economics classrooms is performed by students in special clothes (robe, apron, beret, scarf). Protective goggles must be worn when performing work that poses a risk of injury to the eyes.

10.27. When organizing practice and socially useful work for students, provided for by the educational program, associated with heavy physical exertion (carrying and moving heavy loads), it is necessary to be guided by the sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the safety of working conditions for workers under 18 years of age.

It is not allowed to involve students in work with harmful or dangerous working conditions, during which the use of labor is prohibited, persons under 18 years of age, as well as in cleaning sanitary facilities and places common use, washing windows and lamps, removing snow from roofs and other similar works.

For agricultural work (practice) in regions of the II climatic zone, it is necessary to set aside mainly the first half of the day, and in regions of the III climatic zone - the second half of the day (16 - 17 hours) and the hours with the least insolation. Agricultural equipment used for work must be appropriate for the height and age of students. The permissible duration of work for students aged 12 - 13 is 2 hours; for teenagers 14 years and older - 3 hours. Every 45 minutes of work, it is necessary to arrange regulated 15-minute breaks for rest. Work on sites and in premises treated with pesticides and agrochemicals is allowed within the time limits established by the State Catalog of Pesticides and Agrochemicals.

10.28. When organizing extended day groups, it is necessary to follow the recommendations set out in Annex 6 of these sanitary rules.

10.29. Club work in extended day groups should take into account the age characteristics of students, ensure a balance between motor-active and static classes, and is organized in accordance with sanitary and epidemiological requirements for institutions of additional education for children.

10.30. The volume of homework (for all subjects) should be such that the time spent on its completion does not exceed (in astronomical hours): in grades 2-3 - 1.5 hours, in grades 4-5 - 2 hours, in grades 6 - 8 classes - 2.5 hours, in 9 - 11 classes - up to 3.5 hours.

10.31. During the final certification, it is not allowed to conduct more than one exam per day. The break between examinations must be at least 2 days. With the duration of the exam 4 or more hours, it is necessary to organize meals for students.

10.32. The weight of a daily set of textbooks and stationery should not exceed: for students in grades 1-2 - more than 1.5 kg, for students in grades 3-4 - more than 2 kg; 5 - 6 - more than 2.5 kg, 7 - 8 - more than 3.5 kg, 9 - 11 - more than 4.0 kg.

10.33. In order to prevent violations of posture, students are recommended to have two sets of textbooks for primary school: one for use in lessons in a general education institution, the second for homework.

XI. Requirements for the organization of medical care for students and the passage medical examinations employees of educational institutions

11.1. Medical care for students should be organized in all educational institutions.

11.2. Medical examinations of students in general educational institutions and pupils of preschool education units should be organized and carried out in the manner established by the federal executive body in the field of healthcare.

11.3. Students are allowed to attend classes in a general education institution after suffering a disease only if they have a certificate from a pediatrician.

11.4. In all types of educational institutions, work is organized to prevent infectious and non-infectious diseases.

11.5. In order to detect pediculosis, at least 4 times a year after each vacation and monthly selectively (four to five classes), medical personnel must conduct examinations of children. Examinations (scalp and clothing) are carried out in a well-lit room, using a magnifying glass and fine combs. After each inspection, the comb is doused with boiling water or wiped with a 70% alcohol solution.

11.6. If scabies and pediculosis are detected, students are suspended from visiting the institution for the duration of the treatment. They can be admitted to a general education institution only after the completion of the entire complex of therapeutic and preventive measures, confirmed by a certificate from a doctor.

The issue of preventive treatment of persons who have been in contact with a patient with scabies is decided by the doctor, taking into account the epidemiological situation. Those who were in close household contact are involved in this treatment, as well as entire groups, classes where several cases of scabies are registered, or where new patients are detected in the process of monitoring the focus. In organized groups where preventive treatment of contact persons was not carried out, examination of the skin of students is carried out three times with an interval of 10 days.

If scabies is detected in an institution, current disinfection is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the territorial body exercising state sanitary and epidemiological supervision.

11.7. It is recommended to draw up a health sheet in the class journal, in which information about anthropometric data, health group, physical education group, health status, recommended size of educational furniture, as well as medical recommendations are entered for each student.

11.8. All employees of a general education institution undergo preliminary and periodic medical examinations and must be vaccinated in accordance with the national vaccination schedule. Each employee of a general educational institution must have a personal medical book of the established form.

Employees who evade medical examinations are not allowed to work.

11.9. Pedagogical workers of educational institutions undergo professional hygienic training and certification during employment.

XII. Requirements for the sanitary maintenance of the territory and premises

12.1. The territory of the educational institution must be kept clean. Cleaning of the territory is carried out daily before the exit of students to the site. In hot, dry weather, the surfaces of the playgrounds and the grass cover are recommended to be watered 20 minutes before the start of the walk and sports activities. In winter, grounds and footpaths should be cleared of snow and ice.

Garbage is collected in garbage bins, which must be tightly closed with lids, and when 2/3 of their volume is filled, they are taken to municipal solid waste landfills in accordance with a contract for the removal of domestic waste. After being released, the containers (garbage bins) must be cleaned and treated with disinfection (disinfestation) agents permitted in in due course. It is not allowed to burn garbage on the territory of a general educational institution, including in garbage bins.

12.2. Annually (in spring) they carry out decorative pruning of shrubs, cutting down young shoots, dry and low branches. If there are tall trees directly in front of the windows of the classrooms that cover the light openings and reduce the values ​​\u200b\u200bof the indicators of natural light below the normalized ones, measures are taken to cut down or trim their branches.

12.3. All premises of a general educational institution are subject to daily wet cleaning using detergents.

Toilets, canteens, lobbies, recreation areas are subject to wet cleaning after each change.

Cleaning of educational and auxiliary premises is carried out after the end of the lessons, in the absence of students, with open windows or transoms. If a general education institution works in two shifts, cleaning is carried out at the end of each shift: floors are washed, dust accumulation areas (window sills, radiators, etc.) are wiped.

Cleaning of boarding school premises at a general educational institution is carried out at least 1 time per day.

For cleaning and disinfection in a general educational institution and a boarding school at a general educational institution, detergents and disinfectants are used that are approved in accordance with the established procedure for use in children's institutions, following the instructions for their use.

Disinfectant solutions for mopping are prepared before direct use in the toilet rooms in the absence of students.

12.4. Disinfectants and detergents are stored in the manufacturer's packaging, in accordance with the instructions and in places inaccessible to students.

12.5. In order to prevent the spread of infection in an unfavorable epidemiological situation in a general education institution, additional anti-epidemic measures are taken according to the instructions of the bodies authorized to exercise state sanitary and epidemiological supervision.

12.6. At least once a month, general cleaning is carried out in all types of premises of a general educational institution and a boarding school at a general educational institution.

General cleaning by technical staff (without the involvement of students) is carried out using approved detergents and disinfectants.

Exhaust ventilation grilles are cleaned of dust monthly.

12.7. In the sleeping quarters of a general educational institution and a boarding school at a general educational institution, bedding (mattresses, pillows, blankets) should be aired directly in the bedrooms with open windows during each general cleaning. Bed linen and towels are changed as they get dirty, but at least once a week.

Before the start of the school year, bedding is processed in a disinfection chamber.

In the restrooms, soap, toilet paper and towels must be available at all times.

12.8. Daily cleaning of toilets, showers, buffets, medical facilities is carried out using disinfectants, regardless of the epidemiological situation. Sanitary equipment is subject to daily disinfection. Wash cistern handles and door handles with warm soapy water. Sinks, toilet bowls, toilet seats are cleaned with ruffs or brushes, cleaners and disinfectants permitted in the prescribed manner.

12.9. In the medical office, in addition to disinfecting the premises and furnishings, it is necessary to disinfect medical instruments in accordance with the instructions for disinfection, pre-sterilization cleaning and sterilization of medical devices.

Preference should be given to sterile disposable medical devices.

12.10. When medical waste is generated, which, according to the degree of epidemiological danger, are classified as potentially hazardous waste, they are neutralized and disposed of in accordance with the rules for the collection, storage, processing, neutralization and disposal of all types of waste from medical institutions.

12.11. Cleaning equipment for cleaning premises must be marked and assigned to certain premises.

Cleaning equipment for cleaning sanitary facilities (buckets, basins, mops, rags) must have signal markings (red), be used for their intended purpose and be stored separately from other cleaning equipment.

12.12. At the end of cleaning, all cleaning equipment is washed with detergents, rinsed with running water and dried. Store cleaning equipment in the place designated for these purposes.

12.13. Sanitary maintenance of premises and disinfection measures in preschool education units are carried out in accordance with sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the arrangement, maintenance and organization of the working hours of preschool organizations.

12.14. The sanitary condition of the premises of the catering unit should be maintained taking into account the sanitary and epidemic requirements for catering for students in educational institutions. If there is a swimming pool, cleaning and disinfection of premises and equipment is carried out in accordance with the sanitary rules for swimming pools.

12.15. Sports equipment is subject to daily cleaning with detergents.

Sports equipment placed in the hall is wiped with a moistened rag, metal parts - with a dry rag at the end of each training shift. After each class, the gym is aired for at least 10 minutes. The sports carpet is cleaned daily using a vacuum cleaner, at least 3 times a month it is wet cleaned using a washing vacuum cleaner. Sports mats are cleaned daily with a soap and soda solution.

12.16. If there are carpets and carpets (in the premises of an elementary general education school, after-school groups, a boarding school), they are cleaned with a vacuum cleaner on a daily basis, and once a year they are dried and knocked out in the fresh air.

12.17. When synanthropic insects and rodents appear in the institution on the territory of the general educational institution and in all premises, it is necessary to carry out disinfestation and deratization by specialized organizations in accordance with regulatory and methodological documents.

In order to prevent the breeding of flies and destroy them in the development phase, once every 5 to 10 days, outdoor toilets are treated with approved disinfectants in accordance with the regulatory and methodological documents for the fight against flies.

XIII. Requirements for compliance with sanitary rules

13.1. The head of the educational institution is responsible for the organization and completeness of the implementation of these sanitary rules, including ensuring:

The presence in the institution of these sanitary rules and bringing their content to the employees of the institution;

Compliance with the requirements of sanitary rules by all employees of the institution;

Necessary conditions for compliance with sanitary rules;

Employment of persons with a permit for health reasons, who have undergone professional hygienic training and certification;

Availability of medical books for each employee and timely passage of periodic medical examinations;

Organization of measures for disinfection, disinsection and deratization;

Availability of first aid kits and their timely replenishment.

13.2. The medical staff of the educational institution exercises daily control over compliance with the requirements of sanitary rules.

* Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 31, 2009 N 277 "On Approval of the Regulation on Licensing Educational Activities".

Appendix 1 to SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10

In order to form the correct posture and maintain health, it is necessary from the first days of training in a general educational institution to educate and form the correct working posture of students at the school desk. For this, it is necessary to dedicate a special lesson in the first grades.

To form the correct posture, it is necessary to provide a workplace for the student with furniture in accordance with his height; teach him to maintain the correct working posture during training sessions, which is the least tiring: sit deep in a chair, keep your body and head straight; the legs should be bent at the hip and knee joints, the feet should rest on the floor, the forearms should lie freely on the table.

When placing the student at the desktop, the chair slides under the table so that when resting on the back, his palm is placed between the chest and the table.

For the rational selection of furniture in order to prevent disorders of the musculoskeletal system, it is recommended to equip all classrooms and classrooms with height rulers.

The teacher explains to the students how to hold the head, shoulders, hands, and emphasizes that one should not lean on the edge of the desk (table) with the chest; the distance from the eyes to the book or notebook should be equal to the length of the forearm from the elbow to the end of the fingers. Hands lie freely, not clinging to the table, the right hand and fingers of the left lie on the notebook. Both legs rest on the floor with the entire foot.

When mastering writing skills, the student leans on the back of the desk (chair) with his lower back, when the teacher explains, he sits more freely, leans on the back of the desk (chair) not only with the sacral-lumbar, but also with the subscapular part of the back. The teacher, after explaining and showing the correct seating at the desk, asks the students of the whole class to sit correctly and, bypassing the class, corrects if necessary.

In the classroom, a table "Sit correctly when writing" should be placed so that students always have it before their eyes. At the same time, students need to show tables showing defects in posture resulting from improper landing. The development of a certain skill is achieved not only by explanation, supported by a demonstration, but also by systematic repetition. To develop the skill of proper landing, the teacher must daily monitor the correct posture of students during classes.

The role of the teacher in educating students in the correct fit is especially great during the first three to four years of study in a general education institution, when they develop this skill, as well as in subsequent years of study.

The teacher, in cooperation with parents, can give recommendations on choosing a satchel for textbooks and school supplies: the weight of the satchel without textbooks for students in grades 1-4 should be no more than 700 g. In this case, the satchel should have wide straps (4-4.5 cm) and sufficient dimensional stability, ensuring its snug fit to the student's back and uniform weight distribution. The material for the manufacture of knapsacks should be light, durable, with a water-repellent coating, easy to clean.

Annex 4 to SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10

physical culture minutes (FM)

Training sessions that combine mental, static, dynamic loads on individual organs and systems and on the whole organism as a whole require physical training minutes (hereinafter referred to as FM) in the lessons to relieve local fatigue and FM of the general impact.

FM to improve cerebral circulation:

2. I.p. - sitting, hands on the belt. 1 - head turn to the right, 2 - ip, 3 - head turn to the left, 4 - ip Repeat 6 - 8 times. The pace is slow.

3. I.p. - standing or sitting, hands on the belt. 1 - swing your left hand over your right shoulder, turn your head to the left. 2 - ip, 3 - 4 - the same with the right hand. Repeat 4 - 6 times. The pace is slow.

FM to relieve fatigue from the shoulder girdle and arms:

1. I.p. - standing or sitting, hands on the belt. 1 - right hand forward, left up. 2 - change the position of the hands. Repeat 3-4 times, then relax down and shake your hands, tilt your head forward. The pace is average.

2. I.p. - standing or sitting, hands with the back on the belt. 1 - 2 - bring your elbows forward, tilt your head forward, 3 - 4 - elbows back, bend. Repeat 6-8 times, then arms down and shake relaxed. The pace is slow.

3. I.p. - sitting, hands up. 1 - clench the brushes into a fist, 2 - unclench the brushes. Repeat 6-8 times, then relax your arms down and shake your hands. The pace is average.

FM to relieve fatigue from the body:

1. I.p. - stand legs apart, hands behind the head. 1 - sharply turn the pelvis to the right. 2 - sharply turn the pelvis to the left. During turns, the shoulder girdle should remain motionless. Repeat 6 - 8 times. The pace is average.

2. I.p. - stand legs apart, hands behind the head. 1 - 5 - circular movements of the pelvis in one direction, 4 - 6 - the same in the other direction, 7 - 8 - arms down and shake your hands in a relaxed manner. Repeat 4 - 6 times. The pace is average.

3. I.p. - stand legs apart. 1 - 2 - tilt forward, the right hand slides down along the leg, the left, bending, up along the body, 3 - 4 - ip, 5 - 8 - the same in the other direction. Repeat 6 - 8 times. The pace is average.

FM of the general impact are completed from exercises for different muscle groups, taking into account their tension in the process of activity.

A set of FM exercises for students of the 1st stage of education in lessons with elements of writing:

1. Exercises to improve cerebral circulation. I.p. - sitting, hands on the belt. 1 - turn the head to the right, 2 - ip, 3 - turn the head to the left, 4 - ip, 5 - gently tilt the head back, 6 - ip, 7 - tilt the head forward. Repeat 4 - 6 times. The pace is slow.

2. Exercises to relieve fatigue from the small muscles of the hand. I.p. - sitting, hands raised up. 1 - clench the brushes into a fist, 2 - unclench the brushes. Repeat 6-8 times, then relax your arms down and shake your hands. The pace is average.

3. Exercise to relieve fatigue from the muscles of the body. I.p. - stand legs apart, hands behind the head. 1 - sharply turn the pelvis to the right. 2 - sharply turn the pelvis to the left. During turns, the shoulder girdle should remain motionless. Repeat 4 - 6 times. The pace is average.

4. Exercise to mobilize attention. I.p. - standing, arms along the body. 1 - right hand on the belt, 2 - left hand on the belt, 3 - right hand on the shoulder, 4 - left hand on the shoulder, 5 - right hand up, 6 - left hand up, 7 - 8 - clapping hands above the head, 9 - lower the left hand on the shoulder, 10 - the right hand on the shoulder, 11 - the left hand on the belt, 12 - the right hand on the belt, 13 - 14 - clapping hands on the hips. Repeat 4 - 6 times. The pace - 1 time slow, 2 - 3 times - medium, 4 - 5 - fast, 6 - slow.

Appendix 5 to SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10

1. Blink quickly, close your eyes and sit quietly, slowly counting to 5. Repeat 4-5 times.

3. Stretch your right hand forward. Follow with your eyes, without turning your head, the slow movements of the index finger of the outstretched hand to the left and right, up and down. Repeat 4 - 5 times.

4. Look at the index finger of the outstretched hand at the expense of 1 - 4, then look into the distance at the expense of 1 - 6. Repeat 4 - 5 times.

5. At an average pace, do 3 - 4 circular movements with your eyes to the right side, the same amount to the left side. After relaxing the eye muscles, look into the distance at the expense of 1 - 6. Repeat 1 - 2 times.

Appendix 6 to SanPiN 2.4.2.2821-10

daycare groups

General provisions.

It is recommended to complete extended day groups from students of the same class or parallel classes. The stay of students in an extended day group simultaneously with the educational process can cover the period of time students stay in a general education institution from 8.00 - 8.30 to 18.00 - 19.00.

Premises for extended day groups for students of grades I - VIII should be placed within the relevant educational sections, including recreation.

It is recommended for students of the first grades of the extended day group to allocate sleeping quarters and playrooms. In the absence of special rooms for organizing sleep and games in a general educational institution, universal rooms can be used that combine a bedroom and a playroom, equipped with built-in furniture: wardrobes, single-tier beds.

For students of grades II-VIII, depending on specific opportunities, it is recommended to allocate fixed premises for organizing gaming activities, circle work, classes at the request of students, daytime sleep for the weakened.

Daily regime.

In order to ensure the maximum possible health-improving effect and maintain the working capacity of students attending extended-day groups, it is necessary to rationally organize the daily routine, starting from the moment they enter the general educational institution, and to conduct extensive sports and recreational activities.

The best combination of activities for students in extended day groups is their physical activity in the air before the start of self-training (walking, outdoor and sports games, socially useful work on the site of a general educational institution, if it is provided for by the educational program), and after self-training - participation in emotional activities. nature (classes in circles, games, attending entertainment events, preparing and holding amateur concerts, quizzes and other events).

The following must be provided for in the daily routine: food, walking, daytime sleep for students in grades 1 and weakened students in grades II-III, self-training, socially useful work, circle work and a wide range of sports and recreation activities.

Outdoor recreation.

After the end of training sessions in a general education institution, to restore the working capacity of students, before doing homework, a rest of at least 2 hours is organized. Most of this time is spent outdoors. It is advisable to provide for walks:

Before lunch lasting at least 1 hour, after the end of school hours;

Before self-training for an hour.

Walks are recommended to be accompanied by sports, outdoor games and physical exercises. In winter, it is useful to organize ice skating and skiing 2 times a week. In the warm season, it is recommended to organize athletics, volleyball, basketball, tennis and other classes. sports games on open air. It is also recommended to use the swimming pool for swimming and water sports.

Students assigned to a special medical group or who have undergone acute diseases, during sports and outdoor games perform exercises that are not associated with a significant load.

The clothes of students during outdoor activities should protect them from hypothermia and overheating and not restrict movement.

In bad weather, outdoor games can be moved to well-ventilated areas.

A place for outdoor recreation and a sports hour can be a school site or specially equipped playgrounds. In addition, adjacent squares, parks, forests, stadiums can be used for these purposes.

Organization of daytime sleep for first-graders and weakened children.

Sleep relieves fatigue and excitement of children who have been in a large team for a long time, increases their performance. The duration of daytime sleep should be at least 1 hour.

For the organization of daytime sleep, either special sleeping rooms or universal rooms with an area of ​​\u200b\u200b4.0 m2 per student, equipped with teenage (size 1600 x 700 mm) or built-in single bunk beds, must be allocated.

When arranging the beds, it is necessary to observe the distance between: the long sides of the bed - 50 cm; headboards - 30 cm; bed and outer wall - 60 cm, and for the northern regions of the country - 100 cm.

Each student should be assigned a specific bed with a change of bed linen as it gets dirty, but at least once every 10 days.

Preparing homework.

When students do homework (self-study), the following recommendations should be observed:

The preparation of lessons should be carried out in a fixed classroom equipped with furniture corresponding to the growth of students;

Start self-training at 15 - 16 hours, since by this time there is a physiological rise in working capacity;

Limit the duration of homework so that the time spent on doing it does not exceed (in astronomical hours): in grades 2-3 - 1.5 hours, in grades 4-5 - 2 hours, in grades 6-8 - 2.5 hours, in grades 9-11 - up to 3.5 hours;

Provide, at the discretion of the students, the order in which homework is done, while recommending that they start with a subject of medium difficulty for this student;

Provide students with the opportunity to arrange arbitrary breaks at the end of a certain stage of work;

Conduct "physical training minutes" lasting 1-2 minutes;

Provide students who have completed their homework before the whole group, the opportunity to start classes of interest (in the game room, library, reading room).

Extracurricular activities.

Extracurricular activities are implemented in the form of excursions, circles, sections, olympiads, competitions, etc.

The duration of classes depends on age and type of activity. The duration of such activities as reading, music lessons, drawing, modeling, needlework, quiet games should be no more than 50 minutes a day for students in grades 1-2, and no more than one and a half hours a day for other classes. In music lessons, it is recommended to use elements of rhythm and choreography more widely. TV shows and movies should not be watched more than twice a week with a viewing time limit of up to 1 hour for students in grades 1-3 and 1.5 for students in grades 4-8.

It is recommended to use school-wide premises for organizing various types of extracurricular activities: reading room, assembly and sports halls, a library, as well as premises of closely located houses of culture, centers children's leisure, sports facilities, stadiums.

Nutrition.

Properly organized and rational nutrition is the most important health factor. When organizing an extended day in a general education institution, three meals a day for students should be provided: breakfast - at the second or third break during training sessions; lunch - during the stay on an extended day at 13-14 hours, afternoon tea - at 16-17 hours.

Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of May 18, 2010 N 58
"On approval of SanPiN 2.1.3.2630-10 "Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for organizations engaged in medical activities"

With changes and additions from:

3. From the moment the sanitary and epidemiological rules and regulations SanPiN 2.1.3.2630-10 "Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for organizations engaged in medical activities" come into force, SanPiN 2.1.3.1375-03 "Hygienic requirements for the placement, arrangement, equipment and operation of hospitals, maternity hospitals and other medical hospitals", approved by the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of 06/06/2003 N 124 (registered in the Ministry of Justice of Russia on 06/18/2003, registration N 4709); SanPiN 2.1.3.2195-07, amendment No. 1 to SanPiN 2.1.3.1375-03, approved by Resolution No. 19 of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated April 25, 2007 (registered with the Ministry of Justice of Russia on June 5, 2007, registration No. 9597); SP 3.1.2485-09 "Prevention of nosocomial infections in hospitals (departments) of the surgical profile of medical organizations", Supplement N 1 to SanPiN 2.1.3.1375-03, approved by the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of February 13, 2009 N 9 (registered in the Ministry of Justice Russia 03/20/2009, registration N 13548); SanPiN 2.1.3.2524-09 "Sanitary and hygienic requirements for dental medical organizations", amendment N 2 to SanPiN 2.1.3.1375-03, approved by the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of 07.07.2009 N 48 (registered in the Ministry of Justice of Russia on 20.08.2009 , registration N 14581); SanPiN 3.5.2528-09 "Organization of disinfection and sterilization measures in medical and preventive organizations", Supplement N 2 to SanPiN 2.1.3.1375-03, approved by the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of 08/06/2009 N 51 (registered in the Ministry of Justice of Russia on 26.08 .2009, registration N 14624); SanPiN 2.1.3.2576-10 change N 3 to SanPiN 2.1.3.1375-03, approved by the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of 03/04/2010 N 18 (registered in the Ministry of Justice of Russia on 04/27/2010, registration N 17017).

G.G. Onishchenko

Registration N 18094

Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for entrepreneurs and organizations engaged in medical activities are defined (SanPiN 2.1.3.2630-10).

They replace SanPiN 2.1.3.1375-03 "Hygienic requirements for the location, arrangement, equipment and operation of hospitals, maternity hospitals and other medical hospitals" (subject to additions and changes).

It has been established where medical and preventive organizations (TPOs) should be located. Thus, psychiatric and infectious diseases hospitals are located at a distance of at least 100 m from residential buildings (previously - at least 500 m). It is not allowed to place health care facilities in residential buildings to provide assistance to persons with alcohol or drug addiction, microbiological laboratories department of magnetic resonance imaging.

The requirements for buildings, structures and premises, for interior decoration, water supply and sewerage, heating, ventilation, lighting, inventory and equipment are fixed.

It is recommended to air the rooms at least 4 times a day for 15 minutes. They should also include wardrobes to store patients' belongings. window panes should be washed at least 2 times a year. Before - at least 1 time per month from the inside and 1 time in 3 months from the outside (spring, summer, autumn).

For cleaning it is allowed to involve professional cleaning (cleaning) companies working around the clock. The exception is class A premises.

The rules of personal hygiene, as well as catering for patients, are determined.

It has been established how preventive, anti-epidemic, disinfection and sterilization measures are carried out. The requirements for the working conditions of medical staff have been fixed, etc.

Annex 1

To SanPiN 2.1.3.2630-10

Minimum floor space (appr. resolution

p/n	Name of premises	Area, m2)
	1. Area per bed in wards for various purposes and capacity
	1.1. Rooms for one bed
	Intensive care, including for burn patients
	Individual delivery ward with a transforming bed
	Individual delivery room
	For newborns (isolator)
	For children under 7 with round-the-clock stay of mothers
	For adults or children over 7 with an accompanying person
	1.2. Rooms with two or more beds
	For adults and children over 7 years old
	Neurosurgical, orthopedic, radiological, burn (except intensive care units), rehabilitation, medical and social (including hospices), diagnostic wards, wards for patients moving with the help of wheelchairs
	Psychiatric general type and drug treatment
	Psychiatric supervisory
	Others, including prenatal
	For children under 7 years old
	Intensive care, resuscitation
	With mothers day stay
	With round the clock stay mothers
	Neurosurgical, orthopedic, radiological, burn (except intensive care units), rehabilitation, medical and social (including hospices), diagnostic wards, wards for patients moving with the help of wheelchairs
	Infectious, including tuberculosis
	Psychiatric general type
	Psychiatric supervisory
	Other
	For children under 1 year old, including newborns
	Intensive care for newborns
	For children with round-the-clock mothers
	For children with day care mothers
	In wards without mothers staying:
	For 1 bed
	For 1 pitcher
	2. Consultative, medical, diagnostic rooms, restorative treatment rooms, common for different structural divisions
	Office-office for receiving patients without examination (psychologist, lawyer, Social worker and etc.)
	Doctor's (paramedic's) office for receiving adult patients (without specialized chairs, hardware methods of diagnostics, treatment and parenteral interventions), pre-trip/post-trip examination room
	Doctor's (paramedic's) office for receiving children (without specialized chairs, hardware methods of diagnostics, treatment and parenteral interventions)
	Doctor's office with a specially equipped workplace (gynecologist, urologist, proctologist, ophthalmologist, otorhinolaryngologist, geneticist, etc.)
	Manipulation room, examination room with hardware methods of diagnostics and treatment, including at the office of a specialist doctor
	dressing room
	Treatment room for intravenous injections, venous blood sampling, intramuscular, intradermal injections, extracorporeal hemocorrection, vaccination room, treatment room for a cosmetologist with parenteral interventions
	Small operating room
	Preoperative with a small operating room
	Gateway for a small operating room
	A room (with a toilet) for temporary stay of a patient after outpatient surgical interventions	6 for 1 place, but not less than 9
	Allergen preparation room
39.1	Room for storage and dilution of BCG vaccine, storage of hepatitis B vaccine in an obstetric hospital
	Office for classes of small (up to 5 people) groups (speech therapy, psychotherapy, etc.)
	Rooms for electric light therapy, heat therapy, laser therapy, magnetotherapy, oxygen therapy, acupuncture, electrosleep treatment, etc.	6 for 1 place, but not less than 12
	Room for groups of more than 5 people (speech therapy, psychotherapy, hypnotary, etc.)	4 per place, but not less than 24
	Gateway at doctor's offices
	Dark room of the ophthalmologist
	Audiometric booth (except for booths supplied as a finished product)
	Procedural Endoscopy
	Room for washing and processing of endoscopes
	Cabinet of individual conditioned reflex therapy
	Group conditioned reflex therapy room	6 for 1 place, but not less than 20
	Mud treatment room, bathroom	8 for 1 place (bath), but not less than 12
	Inhalation therapy room	3 for 1 place, but not less than 10
	Procedural halotherapy, speleotherapy, etc.	6 for 1 place, but not less than 18
	Solarium vertical	3 for 1 place, but not less than 12
	Solarium horizontal	4 for 1 place, but not less than 12
	Therapeutic exercise room for group classes, gym	5 for 1 place, but not less than 20
	Walking training hall
	Rooms for mechanotherapy, occupational therapy	4 for 1 place, but not less than 12
	Massage rooms, manual therapy	8 per 1 couch, but not less than 10
	Shower room with a pulpit (the area is specified depending on the number of showers)
	Rooms for underwater shower-massage, whirlpool, vibration baths, four-chamber baths
	Room for contrast baths
	Treatment room for magnetic resonance imaging	25 (to be specified technical requirements equipment)
	Magnetic resonance imaging control room
	Preparatory patient at the office of magnetic resonance imaging
	3. Specific premises of individual structural divisions
	3.1. Reception departments
	Filter box for children's clinics, reception and examination box for hospitals
	Sanitary pass for patients	8 (with shower) 12 (with bath)
	Room (place) for storage of wheelchairs and wheelchairs	2 per wheelchair 1 per wheelchair, but not less than 6
	Filter for the reception of women in labor and pregnant women
	Room for temporary storage of things of patients	0.3 per bed, but not less than 6
	Preresuscitation
	resuscitation room
	Generic box:
	street vestibule
	Room for sanitary treatment of women in labor
	Individual delivery ward with a transforming bed Individual delivery room
	Toilet
	Preparatory room with shower for staff
	3.2. Other premises of ward departments
	Playroom for children, daycare for children and adults	0.8 per bed, but not less than 12
	Nurse's post
	Pantry with equipment for washing tableware
	Canteen for the sick	for 1 seat
	Canteen for patients in wheelchairs	for 1 seat
	Gateway at the ward
	Toilet with washbasin at the ward
	Shower room at the ward
	Bathroom (toilet, washbasin, shower)
	Bathroom with lift
	Klizmennaya
	3.3. Operational units, intensive care units and intensive care units
	General operating room (including endoscopic and laparoscopic)
	Operating room for orthopedic-traumatological and neurosurgical operations
	Operating room for cardiac operations using AIC, X-ray operating room
	Preoperative room for one general operating room
	Preoperative room for two general (one specialized) operating rooms
	Patient preparation room, anesthetic room
	Instrumental and material, rooms for storage of sterile, suture materials, solutions	4 for each operating room, but not less than 10
	Sterilization room for emergency sterilization
	Room for disassembly and washing of instruments, including endoscopic equipment	10, plus 2 for each operating room over 4
	Room for washing and disinfection of anesthesia and respiratory equipment	12, plus 2 for each operating room above 4
	Pantry of anesthesia and respiratory equipment	8, plus 2 for each operating room over 4
	Room for storage and preparation of blood and blood substitutes for transfusion
	Protocol (provided for in the presence of more than 4 operating rooms)
	Room for storage of postoperative waste
	Plaster and plaster bandage storage and preparation room
	Dressing room with bath and lift for burn patients
	Psychological relief room
	Temporary storage room for corpses
	3.4. Departments of hemodialysis and detoxification
	Dialysis room with nurse on duty	14 per dialysis bed
	Water treatment room
	Salt warehouse	2 per dialysis site, but not less than 8
	pantry solutions	1.5 per dialysis site, but not less than 8
	Dialysis Machine Repair Room
	Procedure room for peritoneal dialysis
	3.5. Diagnostic laboratories
	Laboratory (including hematological, biochemical, embryological, histological, etc.)	6 for each workplace, but not less than 12
	Room for reception and registration of biomaterial for laboratory research
	Capillary blood sampling room	4 per workplace, but not less than 9
	Urgent analysis laboratory
	Autoclave for disinfection
	3.6. Departments of industrial transfusiology
	Procedure room for 1 chair with a gateway for donated blood sampling, plasmapheresis	4 for each seat, but not less than 14+2
	Box (with prebox) for blood fractionation	10 + 4
	Procedure room (with a gateway) for autoplasmapheresis	14+2
	Premises for plasma quarantine, storage of unapproved blood components, storage of blood substitutes, temporary storage and distribution of blood and its substitutes
	Donor rest room
	3.7. In vitro fertilization (IVF) laboratory
	Small operating room Preoperative Patient Entry Gateway
	Manipulation room for egg collection and implantation of a fertilized egg (provided in the absence of an operating room)
	Embryological laboratory with an office of genetics	18+12
	Sperm donation room
	cryostorage
	3.8. Pathological and anatomical departments and bureau of forensic medical examination
	Reception room
	Storage room for the dead
	Corpse storage room with cassette refrigerated cabinet	determined by the dimensions of the equipment, but not less than 12
	Sectional for 1 table	18 per table and 12 for each subsequent
	Presectional
	Room for reception and registration of biopsy and autopsy material
	Preparatorskaya
	Fixation
	Archive of wet autopsy and biopsy material
	Archive of Micropreparations and Blocks of Biopsies
	Corpse dressing room
	Storerooms of preservative solutions, poisons and volatiles
	Funeral storeroom
	funeral hall
	Storage room for corpses prior to being sent for cremation
	Storage room for urns with ashes until delivery to relatives
	Priest's quarters
	Rooms for medical examination of living persons	according to the areas of rooms for receiving patients
	Cabinet for working with documents
	Storage room for physical evidence and valuables
	Archive of histological material
	4. Auxiliary, service and household premises common to all structural divisions
	Department manager's office
	staff room
	Senior nurse's office
	Ordinatorskaya	6 per doctor, but not less than 12
	Doctor's office
	Student accommodation*
	Room for teachers*
	The room of the sister-owner of the department
	Storage room for clean linen and bedding
	Storage room for consumables and medicines
	Storage room drugs and psychotropic substances
	Medical archive	0.3 per bed, 4 per 100 visits per shift, but not less than 12
	Conference hall (taking into account the stage and equipping the chairs with music stands)	0.9 per seat
	Pantry of things of the sick	0.2 per bed
	Walk-in closet staff	0.08 per hook
	Dressing room for home and work clothes of staff	0.5 per individual cabinet
	Lobby-dressing room for visitors	0.5 per visitor
	Dressing room for patients in medical and diagnostic rooms	1.3 per seat, but not less than 2
	Toilet with washbasin for staff
	Staff shower
	Temporary storage room for dirty laundry
	Storage room for cleaning items and disinfectants
	Temporary storage of medical waste
	Sanitary room (temporary storage of dirty linen, medical waste, ship washing)
	Room for storage of a mobile X-ray machine, portable equipment
	Drainage room

______________________________

* In case these are educational bases or clinics of higher and secondary educational institutions.

Annex 2

To SanPiN 2.1.3.2630-10

Composition, set and minimum recommended areas of the dental office medical organization **
(approved resolution Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation dated May 18, 2010 N 58)

Name of premises	Minimum area, m2	Notes
Lobby group with reception desk, outerwear wardrobe and waiting room		For each adult patient 1.2 m2 For each child, taking into account the stay of one of the parents - 2 m2
Doctor's office (dentist-therapist, surgeon, orthopedist, orthodontist, pediatric dentist)		With an increase of 10 m2 for each additional dental unit (7 m2 for an additional dental chair without installation)
Doctor's office in educational institutions
Cabinet of oral hygiene		Given the limited scope of medical care
Operating block:		In the absence of a central sterilization room, the instruments from the operating room are sent for sterilization to the preoperative room, where a sterilization room is provided, while the area of ​​the preoperative room increases by at least 2 m2
preoperative
operating room
room for temporary stay of the patient after surgery
X-ray room for one dental x-ray machine for spot shots	6 *	Area reduction is possible subject to paragraphs 7.2.1 of these sanitary rules
Sterilization		The area is taken in accordance with the technological justification (dimensions of equipment, etc.), but not less than 6 m2
Dental laboratory: dental technicians' room		4 m2 per technician, but no more than 10 technicians in one room
Specialized rooms: polymerization, gypsum, polishing, soldering		In the presence of a dental laboratory for 1-2 staff units for dental technicians, it can be placed in two rooms - in one of the rooms, the processes of plastering, polishing, polymerization, soldering are combined, in the other - the workplace of a dental technician. At the same time, the area of ​​both cabinets must be at least 14 m2.
Foundry		Depending on the technology and dimensions of the equipment, the area may be changed
Physiotherapy department:
cabinet of electrolight therapy, laser therapy		6 m2 per device
hydrotherapy room		6 m2 per device
cabinet for UHF, microwave and ultraviolet irradiation		6 m2 per device
physiotherapy room		6 m2 per device
Administrative, auxiliary and auxiliary premises:
office manager (administrator)		For each worker per shift, 1.5 m2. Outerwear can be placed in the closet
staff room with wardrobe
head nurse's office		Can be combined with the office of the head nurse, while the area of ​​the office of the head nurse does not increase
storage room for medicines and narcotic materials
storage facilities for medical products		Can be placed in wardrobes in corridors and basements
dirty laundry pantry
pantry of clean linen
toilet for patients		If the number of dental chairs in a dental medical organization is not more than 3, one toilet for patients and staff is allowed
staff toilet

* Areas for other rooms and auxiliary rooms of the X-ray department - in the current sanitary rules governing the requirements for sources of ionizing radiation.

** IN minimum set premises for the work of a dental medical organization include: a lobby group, a dentist's office, a staff room, a toilet, a pantry.

1.1. Head of the medical and preventive organization (chief physician):

Approves the production control plan, including the implementation of disinfection and sterilization measures, and quarterly hears a report from the deputy chief physician for epidemiological work (epidemiologist) on its implementation;

Appoints persons responsible for carrying out production control of the effectiveness of disinfection and sterilization measures;

In the absence of a CA in the structure of the LPO, it appoints persons responsible for the departments for the acquisition, control and operation of disinfection and sterilization equipment;

Appoints a person responsible for the collection and storage of waste in the LPO;

Approves agreements with organizations duly accredited for bacteriological and chemical control effectiveness of disinfection and sterilization measures.

1.2. Deputy head of the HPE for epidemiological work (epidemiologist or a person appointed by the head of the HPE):

Develops a production control plan, including the implementation of disinfection, sterilization measures, and organizes its implementation;

Defines functional responsibilities and develops job descriptions for responsible persons involved in the organization and conduct of production control of disinfection, sterilization measures, disposal of medical waste, and submit them for approval to the chief physician;

Organizes the preparation of a consolidated annual application for the need for disinfection and sterilization equipment:

Installations for disinfection of indoor air;

Installations for obtaining solutions of disinfectants;

Equipment for cleaning, disinfection and sterilization of medical devices, including endoscopes and instruments for them;

disinfection chambers;

Organizes the preparation of a consolidated annual application for the estimated need for funds:

Disinfectants for disinfecting surfaces in rooms, furniture, appliances, apparatus, sanitary equipment;

Disinfectants for decontamination of medical devices, patient care items, linen, canteen and glassware, toys, cleaning equipment, class B and C waste;

Means for high-level disinfection of endoscopes;

Means for sterilization of medical devices (hereinafter referred to as medical devices), incl. endoscopes and instruments for them;

Means for pre-sterilization and preliminary cleaning of medical devices, incl. endoscopes and instruments for them; means for the final cleaning of endoscopes (before high-level disinfection);

Skin antiseptics for hygienic treatment of the hands of medical personnel; processing the hands of surgeons and other persons involved in operations and during childbirth; processing of the operating, injection fields, elbow bends of donors; sanitization of the skin of patients and medical personnel;

Provides methodological assistance to health care workers responsible for organizing and conducting disinfection and sterilization measures, as well as monitors the quality of their activities;

Organizes training of doctors, and together with the head nurse - training of paramedical staff of health care departments on the organization of disinfection and sterilization measures;

Organizes production control of compliance with disinfection and sterilization measures:

Analyzes the results of monitoring the modes of application and storage of working solutions of disinfectants, sterilizing agents, pre-sterilization cleaning agents, skin antiseptics;

Analyzes the results of medical devices sterility control, incl. endoscopes and instruments for them, as well as injectable solutions prepared by the pharmacy of the LPO;

Organizes bacteriological and chemical control of the effectiveness of disinfection and sterilization measures and analyzes its results in order to assess the correctness of their implementation, the quality of pre-sterilization cleaning of medical devices, the correct use of disinfectants and sterilizing agents, skin antiseptics, as well as the appropriateness of their rotation;

Organizes the conclusion of contracts with organizations accredited in accordance with the established procedure for bacteriological and chemical control of the effectiveness of disinfection and sterilization measures;

Analyzes the results of physical, chemical and bacteriological control of the operation of disinfection and sterilization equipment;

Organizes bacteriological control of indoor air, water systems (water supply systems, centralized air conditioning and humidification systems), facilities environment;

Accepts the report of the relevant officials in accordance with the duties assigned to them for the implementation of disinfection and sterilization measures;

Quarterly submits to the head of the health care facility (chief physician) a report on the results of the implementation of the production control plan, incl. disinfection and sterilization measures in the structural divisions of health care facilities.

1.3. Deputy head of the LPO for economic issues (or a person appointed by the head of the organization responsible for organizing procurement financing):

Calculates costs and provides financing for the purchase of disinfectants, sterilizing agents, pre-sterilization cleaning agents and skin antiseptics, disinfection and sterilization equipment, auxiliary and Supplies(chemical and biological indicators, sterilization packaging materials, etc.) in accordance with the needs of the institution.

1.4. Deputy head of the LPO for the economic part or the head of the AChE (or a person appointed by the head of the organization responsible for the implementation of these functions):

Ensures the technically and hygienically competent operation of facilities on the territory of the LPO, compliance with the relevant instructions, regimes and requirements of the regulatory and technical documentation of water systems (water supply systems, centralized air conditioning and humidification systems);

Organizes, when insects, arthropods and rodents are detected on the territory of the health care facility, disinfestation and deratization activities are carried out;

Concludes agreements with organizations duly accredited for a control survey of the territory and premises of health care facilities and, if necessary, disinfestation and deratization;

Concludes agreements with organizations accredited in the established manner for the removal of medical waste from the territory of the healthcare facility;

Informs the deputy chief physician for epidemiological work (epidemiologist) about the violation of the conditions for the hygienic operation of facilities on the territory of the health care facility and water systems.

1.5. home nurse(or a person appointed by the head of the organization responsible for the performance of these functions):

Together with the deputy chief physician for epidemiological work (epidemiologist) organizes the implementation of the production control plan in health care facilities;

Provides methodological assistance and provides senior nurses of departments with methodological guidelines (instructions) on the use of disinfectants, sterilizing agents, pre-sterilization cleaning agents and skin antiseptics;

Organizes training of middle and junior medical personnel of departments on the organization and implementation of disinfection, sterilization measures in departments;

Together with the deputy chief physician for epidemiological work (epidemiologist), he calculates the total need for the organization in disinfectants, sterilizing agents, pre-sterilization cleaning agents and skin antiseptics;

Carries out the distribution of disinfectants and sterilizing agents, agents for pre-sterilization cleaning and skin antiseptics among the departments of the organization;

Carries out planned production control:

Availability of evidence state registration in the Russian Federation, certificates of conformity and instructions for use for disinfectants and sterilizing agents;

Storage conditions for disinfectants and safety rules for working with disinfectants, sterilizing agents, pre-sterilization cleaning agents and skin antiseptics;

Correct execution of instructions guidelines) for the preparation and use of solutions of disinfectants, sterilizing agents, pre-sterilization cleaning agents and skin antiseptics in departments;

The correctness of maintaining accounting and reporting documentation on the use and consumption of disinfectants and sterilizing agents, pre-sterilization cleaning agents and skin antiseptics;

Monthly hears reports from the senior nurses of the departments on the performance of duties;

Submits a quarterly report to the Deputy Chief Physician for epidemiological work (epidemiologist) on the implementation of disinfection and sterilization measures in healthcare facilities.

1.6. Person responsible for storage of disinfectants:

Ensures the reception of disinfectants, sterilizing agents, pre-sterilization cleaning agents and skin antiseptics and the availability of permits for these agents, their storage conditions;

Carries out the storage of state registration certificates, certificates of conformity with GOST R and instructions for the use of disinfectants, sterilizing agents, pre-sterilization cleaning agents and skin antiseptics;

Carries out the issuance of disinfectants, sterilizing agents, pre-sterilization cleaning agents and skin antiseptics to the departments of health care facilities in accordance with the approved order;

Carries out sampling of disinfectants to control the content of active substances (AI);

Maintains the necessary accounting and reporting documentation for the receipt, storage and issuance of disinfectants, sterilizing agents, pre-sterilization cleaning agents and skin antiseptics.

1.7. Head of the medical department:

Appoints a responsible person for waste collection in the department;

In the absence of a CA in a healthcare facility, if it is made responsible for the operation of disinfection and sterilization equipment, it performs the functions described in clause 1.8 (or appoints a responsible person);

Appoints a person responsible for compliance with the rules for the operation of air disinfection plants and the availability of accompanying documentation for them.

1.8. The head of the CA (if there is such a unit in the HPE) or the responsible person for the department with a decentralized sterilization system (or a person appointed by the head of the organization responsible for these functions):

Organizes the acceptance of disinfection and sterilization equipment, measuring instruments and checks the availability of permits for them;

Ensures trouble-free and efficient operation technological equipment and measuring instruments;

Organizes operational and periodic monitoring of:

The operation of disinfection equipment, incl. using biological indicators;

The operation of sterilization equipment, incl. using chemical and biological indicators;

Compliance of packaging materials with the methods and modes of sterilization, compliance with the terms of their use;

Compliance with the rules for packaging medical products;

Compliance with the loading density of sterilizers;

Carries out periodic control of the work of the head nurse and operators of disinfection and sterilization equipment;

Monthly submits a report on the implementation of sterilization measures to the deputy chief physician for epidemiological work (epidemiologist).

1.9. The head of the microbiological laboratory of the LPO (if there is a laboratory in the structure of the LPO) in terms of organizing and ensuring work on bacteriological control in the amount determined by the category and capacity of the LPO, controls:

The effectiveness of the disinfection of objects, the sterility of medical devices, incl. endoscopes and instruments for them;

Efficiency of disinfection and sterilization equipment using biological indicators;

Microbiological monitoring of pollution of water systems.

1.10. Head of the laundry and disinfection unit of a medical and preventive organization (if this unit exists in the structure of the organization):

Organizes the acceptance of the relevant equipment and checks the availability of permits for it;

Organizes the disinfection of bedding of patients after discharge (death);

Supervises the operator of the disinfection chamber in terms of carrying out visual control operation of chambers using physico-chemical methods at each cycle;

Controls the operation of installations for obtaining solutions of disinfectants;

Controls the maintenance of accounting records for the receipt of bedding, outerwear, etc. from departments, the work of disinfection chambers;

Organizes control of compliance with the load norms of disinfection chambers;

Provides control of the technical condition of disinfection chambers, compliance with disinfection regimes;

Provides production control of the effectiveness of decontamination of objects using thermal and bacteriological methods under an agreement with an accredited organization;

Organizes Maintenance cameras in the event of a malfunction;

Monthly submits a report on the work of his unit (the volume of chamber disinfection of bedding, things of patients from the hospital department, the results of production control) to the deputy chief physician for epidemiological work (epidemiologist).

1.11. Department doctor:

Carries out hygienic washing, treatment of hands with skin antiseptics or surgical treatment in accordance with the rules of asepsis and antisepsis, depending on the nature of the manipulation being performed;

Complies with the requirements for disinfection and sterilization measures, the sanitary and hygienic regime of health care facilities.

1.12. Head nurse of the department:

Maintains accounting and reporting documentation for the receipt, expenditure and use of disinfectants, sterilizing agents, pre-sterilization cleaning agents and skin antiseptics in the department;

Organizes and controls the correctness and effectiveness of preventive, current and final disinfection, general cleaning in the department;

Organizes the monitoring of the effectiveness of hand treatment by the medical staff of the department;

Carries out express quality control of the preparation of working solutions of disinfectants, sterilizing agents, pre-sterilization cleaning agents (only in cases where registered control agents are available);

Controls compliance with storage conditions and safety rules for working with disinfectants, sterilizing agents, pre-sterilization cleaning agents and skin antiseptics (conditions for the preparation of disinfectant solutions, use of personal protection);

In the absence of a CA in a health care facility, if it is made responsible for the operation of disinfection and sterilization equipment, it performs the functions described in clause 1.8;

Monthly submits a report on the conduct of disinfection and sterilization measures in the department to the head nurse.

1.13. Average medical staff:

Provides daily wet cleaning;

Carries out disinfection of indoor air with the help of appropriate installations under the guidance of responsible person branches;

Organizes and participates in carrying out activities for preventive, current and final disinfection, general cleaning and sterilization in the department;

Under the guidance of a responsible person appointed by the head of the department, conducts preliminary and pre-sterilization cleaning, disinfection, sterilization of medical devices, final cleaning (before high-level disinfection), high-level disinfection of endoscopes;

Carries out hygienic washing, treatment of hands with skin antiseptics, surgical treatment of hands, depending on the nature of the manipulation performed, and treatment of the skin of patients.

1.14. Junior medical staff:

Carries out daily wet cleaning in the department;

Under the guidance of nursing staff, it disinfects the surfaces of premises, medical equipment, furniture, sanitary equipment, cleaning equipment, patient care items and other items in the hospital environment as part of a set of measures for preventive, current and final disinfection;

Participates in the collection and disinfection of class B and C waste under the supervision of the person responsible for the collection and disinfection of waste in the department.

1.15. The person responsible for the disposal of medical waste at health facilities and departments:

Calculates the need for equipment for the disinfection of medical waste (including containers for collecting waste, containers, installations);

Organizes the acceptance of equipment for disposal and checks the availability of permits for it;

Organizes the collection and disposal of waste, compliance with the operating conditions of waste decontamination plants (if any in the LPO).

1.16. A specialist of the body authorized to exercise state sanitary and epidemiological control, when carrying out planned and unscheduled supervisory activities in health care facilities:

Supervises the organization and conduct of production control in health care facilities, incl. carrying out disinfection and sterilization measures;

Checks the readiness of medical facilities to organize and carry out disinfection measures under a strict anti-epidemic regime or if a particularly dangerous infection is suspected.

Sanitary rules and norms (SanPiN) are established at the state level and apply to all, without exception, medical institutions that have a license to carry out medical activities.

They can significantly reduce the risk of free circulation of infection through human contact in hospitals and clinics.

Today, sanitary rules and regulations are carried out at a sufficient level, and this allows maintaining a safe sanitary environment in every medical organization.

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SanPiN 2.1 3.2630-10: latest changes

SanPiN 2.1 3.2630-10 "Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for organizations engaged in medical activities" is normative document containing requirements for the functioning of a medical institution, namely:

1. to location and territory.
2. For heating, water supply and sewerage, ventilation of buildings of hospitals and clinics.
3. Natural and artificial lighting, microclimate, indoor air.

Separately, the sanitary and epidemiological features of the organization of medical and diagnostic units of a medical organization - resuscitation and intensive care units, obstetric and gynecological hospitals, perinatal centers, emergency departments are given.

Particular attention in SanPiN 2.1 3.2630-10 is paid to the requirements for the organization and implementation of sterilization and disinfection measures and the prevention of hospital infections in medical institutions of various profiles.

This document was amended last year. Changed point 10.8.4 - according to new edition, specialized tuberculosis hospitals and anti-tuberculosis dispensaries, other specialized anti-tuberculosis institutions and their structural units, as well as the free-standing buildings and structures included in them, are re-profiled depending on how high the potential risk of infection of the territory of the institution and its premises with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is.

According to the degree of possible risk of infection with tuberculosis microbacteria, the following classes of objects were distinguished:

• class A (non-hazardous) - objects that are not intended and have not previously been used for diagnosis, treatment, accommodation of persons with confirmed tuberculosis (administrative buildings, catering units, workshops, checkpoints, garages, pharmacies, etc.);
• class B (potentially hazardous) - objects in which examination, treatment and placement of patients with extrapulmonary forms of tuberculosis were previously carried out;
• class B (dangerous) - objects in which examination, treatment and placement of patients with pulmonary forms of the disease, including those caused by drug-resistant microorganisms (clinical diagnostic and microbiological laboratories, pathological and anatomical departments, treatment facilities and etc.).

If the building has several rooms or compartments belonging to different hazard classes, the entire building must be assigned to the highest of them.

The decision to reorganize organizations involved in the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis is made by the health authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation with the participation of the supervisory authorities of the state sanitary and epidemiological service.

Medical examinations for healthcare workers: when the mandatory minimum examinations need to be supplemented

How much research includes preliminary and periodic medical examinations health workers, in which cases the mandatory minimum needs to be supplemented in order to avoid penalties, read in the magazine "Chief Nurse". Who needs a special dermatological examination? Why can't a psychiatric examination be replaced by a regular examination by a psychiatrist?

In this case, it is necessary to determine the class of potential danger of infection of the object with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Reprofiling works are carried out taking into account the following requirements:

• class A objects are re-profiled only after the final disinfection of the building by an authorized organization;
• class B objects are re-profiled after the final disinfection of the building by an authorized organization and major repairs, during which the ventilation system, as well as wooden doors, floors, window frames, facing panels and other wooden structures must be completely dismantled; plaster, paint, tile coating is completely removed;
• objects of class B are re-profiled after the final disinfection and conservation for a period of at least 3 years, after which they are overhaul object with complete dismantling of ventilation systems and all wooden and porous structures (floors, window, frames, doors, facing panels), removal of plaster, paint, tiling; after the completion of repair work, the building is disinfected again.

After the final disinfection of the object has been carried out, it is necessary to control its effectiveness using laboratory methods.

Read about the mandatory laboratory tests as part of the production control over the circulation of medical waste in the Chief Nurse System.

Re-profiling of objects of class B and C located in wooden buildings is unacceptable. These objects are subject to dismantling, and building structures are burned.

When re-profiling organizations engaged in the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis in a hospital, it is also necessary to re-cultivate the soil in the assigned territory.

The second change in SanPiN concerns the very term "treatment institution" or "treatment and prevention organization". It needs to be replaced by the term "medical organization" in the appropriate case throughout the text of the document.

Also, in the first sentence of paragraph 2.2 of Chapter I, the word "hospital" must be replaced with the phrase "medical organizations providing medical care in inpatient conditions, providing round-the-clock medical supervision and treatment (hereinafter referred to as hospitals)".

General cleaning requirements

The new SanPiN 2016, designed for medical organizations, has special requirements for general cleaning of hospitals and clinics.

They are designed to prevent the spread of infection through human contact in medical institutions.

According to the new requirements, all premises of a medical organization, as well as equipment and necessary inventory must be kept clean.

Wet cleaning, which includes washing floors, window sills, doors, equipment and furniture, should be carried out at least 2 times a day using detergents and disinfectant solutions.

The management of the institution organizes preliminary and periodic briefing of the personnel responsible for the cleanliness of the premises on the issues of the sanitary and hygienic regime and cleaning technology.

General cleaning procedure

What personnel are allowed to clean, how to carry it out, which mode and method of disinfection to choose, what to base on when purchasing disinfectants and how to control the quality of cleaning, we will tell in the Chief Nurse System.

Detergents and disinfectants should be stored in the manufacturer's packaging, provided with a label, in specially designated storage areas outside the workrooms. Working solutions of disinfectants for processing objects are stored in separate containers. They are used:

• for disinfection, pre-sterilization cleaning and sterilization of medical devices;
• for disinfection of surfaces, equipment, devices and devices;
• for disinfection of cleaning material, as well as class B and C waste.

Containers with working solutions of disinfectants should have a tight-fitting lid, as well as a clear inscription or label indicating the name of the solution, its concentration, date of preparation, expiration date, purpose.

When working with these products, all precautions must be observed, including the use of personal protective equipment.

An approximate form of the journal of the organization's summary estimated need for disinfectants, sterilizing agents, pre-sterilization cleaning agents, skin antiseptics

Name	Name	The need for the billing period
disinfectants	divisions of the organization			half a year

Cleaning equipment (mops, rags, containers, carts) must be marked or color-coded taking into account the purpose of the premises and the types of cleaning in them, and must have a place for storage.

The inventory storage area should have a color coding scheme. Washing machines should be located in the picking points of cleaning carts.

Windows are washed as needed, but at least 2 times a year. General cleaning of wards and other rooms and offices in the departments of a medical organization is carried out according to the schedule at least once a month. It should include washing floors, processing walls, inventory, equipment, fixtures.

In the operating room, dressing rooms, treatment rooms, manipulation rooms, delivery rooms and in other rooms that support aseptic mode, general cleaning is carried out at least once a week. On the day of the general cleaning operations in the operating unit are not carried out.

Cleaning personnel must have personal protective equipment, and all necessary equipment must be labeled.

General cleaning can be carried out outside the schedule - according to epidemiological indications or as a result of obtaining unsatisfactory results of microbial contamination of the external environment.

Document templates for cleaning in a medical organization

In order to ensure uninterrupted and high-quality cleaning of premises in a medical organization in conditions of shortage and staff turnover, the editors of the Chief Nurse magazine prepared a selection of local document templates, a selection of local document templates that were approved by an expert from Rospotrebnadzor.

Disinfection solution is used to irrigate or wipe the walls of the premises at a height of at least 2 meters, and in operating rooms and delivery rooms - to the full height up to the ceiling. They also process floors, window sills, doors, furniture, equipment.

At the end of the disinfection time, personnel should change their protective equipment and wipe the surfaces with clean cloths moistened with water. Lastly, the air in the room is disinfected.

The inventory used for cleaning is soaked in a disinfectant solution, then rinsed with water and dried. Inventory for walls and floors must be separate, marked.

Separate equipment for bathrooms, corridors, and offices is also used. If it is not possible to use disposable cloth napkins for each cleaning, reusable napkins should be washed. Inventory should be stored in a specially designated cabinet or room, but not in the office.

How to choose a disinfectant

Active substance	Activity	Advantages	Flaws
Quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC)	Efficacy against gram-positive and gram-negative vegetative forms of bacteria, fungi, some viruses	Efficient at low concentrations, do not damage the treated surfaces, are not very dangerous when inhaled	No sporicidal and tuberculocidal effect, selective action against viruses. Prolonged use leads to the development of resistance of microorganisms
Guanidines	Efficacy against gram-positive and gram-negative vegetative forms of bacteria, fungi, some viruses, mold	Compounds with low toxicity upon inhalation exposure with prolonged antimicrobial action	No sporicidal and tuberculocidal effect, selective action against viruses
Chlorine compounds	Efficacy against bacteria (including mycobacteria), fungi, viruses, spores of bacilli	Low cost, high activity, speed of action	Causes corrosion of metals, destruction of tissues; irritant effect on the mucous membranes of the eyes and upper respiratory tract
Hydrogen peroxide	Broad spectrum of activity against microorganisms, including spores of bacilli	Removes organic pollution. Without smell. Safe for the environment	Incompatible with metals: brass, zinc, copper, nickel
peracetic acid	Broad spectrum of activity against microorganisms, including spores of bacilli	High level disinfection. Rapid action at low concentrations	Unstable during long-term storage, has a pungent odor and irritant effect on the mucous membranes of the eyes and upper respiratory tract

SanPiN 2.1 3.2630-10: requirements for organizing the work of the treatment room

SanPiN 2.1 3.2630-10, as amended in 2016, imposes a number of requirements on the organization of the work of the treatment room.

This applies, in particular, to its zoning, the presence of fume hoods and a computer, and the conduct of inhalations and vaccinations.

Treatment room zoning: instructions

In order to ensure infection safety in the treatment room, the Chief Nurse System expert developed a work instruction for dividing the room into functional areas - aseptic, working and household.

On a note: the current sanitary legislation does not regulate the requirements for zoning treatment rooms.

Isolation of zones in the treatment room

Zoning of treatment rooms of medical organizations is not regulated by law. However, SanPiN 2.1 3.2630-10 contains hygienic requirements for the structure, architectural planning and constructive solutions rooms intended for carrying out various manipulations, including treatment rooms.

Fulfillment of these requirements allows:

• provide Better conditions for the treatment process, compliance with the sanitary and anti-epidemic regime and labor medical workers;
• put technological processes on stream and exclude the possibility of crossing flows with varying degrees of epidemiological danger.

Zoning in the treatment room allows you to meet these requirements.

Conventionally, several zones can be distinguished:

1. Area for storage of preparations and sterile materials ("clean").
2. Area for manipulations and maintaining medical records (working).
3. Zone for disinfection of reusable medical devices, collection and disinfection of medical waste (“dirty”).

In the "clean" area, it is recommended to install a medical cabinet with medicines and packed sterile materials, as well as a manipulation table. In the "working" area, a couch for patients, a refrigerator, a work table and a second manipulation table are usually placed.

The "dirty" area is equipped with a sink for tools and a sink for washing hands. There is also a place for storing disinfectant solutions and a container for collecting medical waste.

It is necessary to organize the workspace, based on the principles of ergonomics. The procedural nurse should have free access to the patient, and the room as a whole and inventory, tools and equipment should be available for cleaning, operation and maintenance, taking into account the sanitary and hygienic standards that are given in the annexes to SanPiN 2.1 3.2630-10 (area, number sq. m per employee, microclimate, lighting, noise, etc.).

Fume hoods in the treatment room

When working with cytostatics, methyl methacrylates, psychotropic drugs, organic solvents, phenols and formaldehydes, aniline dyes and other reagents, accompanied by the release of toxic substances, treatment rooms are equipped with local exhaust devices.

If work accompanied by the release of toxic substances into the air is not performed in the treatment room, local fume hoods are not required, and air exchange is organized in accordance with the requirements of Section 6 of Chapter I SanPiN 2.1 3.2630-10.

20 cleaning violations that can punish the head nurse

Vaccinations and inhalations in the treatment room

A treatment room, a vaccination room and an inhalation room are treatment rooms that differ in their functional purpose and the degree of epidemiological risk. Therefore, their placement should be separate.

The inhalatorium is part of the department of physiotherapy and rehabilitation treatment and must comply with the requirements set forth in paragraph 10.10 of Chapter I of SanPiN 2.1 3.2630-10.

The inhalation room should be separated from other rooms. It must have:

• supply and exhaust ventilation, which will provide air exchange in the room up to 10 times per hour and help maintain a constant air temperature at +20°C;
• an additional box for the preparation of medical procedures, sterilization and disinfection of medical devices, equipped with a fume hood, a sink with two compartments and a rotary tap with cold and hot water supply, disinfection boilers.

To carry out vaccination in a medical organization, there must be a separate vaccination room, equipped in accordance with the requirements of clause 6.4 of MU 3.3.1891-04 "Organization of the work of the vaccination room of the children's clinic, the immunization room and vaccination teams."

Vaccination cabinet: 5 misconceptions about the organization of the workspace

Misconception: The furniture in the office should be placed around the entire perimeter.

To eliminate wastage in movement, make the work cell more compact. Reduce the working perimeter as much as possible, move it to the entrance to the office. Detailed recommendations of the expert of the magazine "Chief Nurse".

Computer in the vaccination room

The current legislation in the field of healthcare does not contain direct prohibitions on the installation of office equipment in the treatment room. That is, it is possible to equip the workplace of a nurse with a computer, but subject to the flow technological process work and exclusion of crossing flows with varying degrees of epidemiological danger.

Ergonomic principles should be adhered to when organizing the workspace and placing equipment and machinery. The normalized area of ​​the treatment room (12 sq. m) should be increased taking into account the number of workplaces equipped with computers. The area of ​​one workplace of the user should be:

• 6 sq. m - for users of computers with VDT based on a cathode ray tube;
• 4.5 sq. m - for users of computers with VDT based on flat discrete screens (LCD, plasma).

These standards for increasing the area are given without taking into account auxiliary devices- printers, scanners, copiers.

Office equipment should be placed based on the requirements of the sanitary and anti-epidemic regime. The computer is a potential source of air and surface pollution in the room, so it must be thoroughly cleaned in a timely manner using disinfectants.



The procedure for wearing and changing a gown when working in a treatment room

The procedure for wearing and changing medical overalls is dictated by the requirements for delimiting flows with varying degrees of epidemiological risk. It is also necessary in order to exclude contamination of the production environment of premises with different cleanliness classes.

Requirements for the uniform of personnel and its replacement, depending on the level of contamination of indoor air with microorganisms (operating block, wards, dressing room, treatment and vaccination rooms, infectious disease department) and the type of manipulation performed (surgical and parenteral interventions, cleaning, changing linen, etc.) defined in SanPiN 2.1 3.2630-10.

According to the rules, medical personnel are required to put on special clothing before starting work and at the entrance to the sterile room and change it when moving from one type of manipulation to another.

GOST R ISO 14644-5-2005 prohibits taking out overalls from the "clean" area, however, the standard procedure for wearing and leaving the "clean" room for medical workers is described in the reference appendix to this document.

Working time with a sterile tray

Sterilized unpackaged instruments are used for their intended purpose immediately or stored on a sterile table for no more than 6 hours.

Storage of such tools in open form is strictly prohibited. If necessary, it is allowed to store sterilized unpackaged instruments in bactericidal chambers for the period specified in the instructions for use of medical equipment.

If a small or large instrumental desktop is covered in the treatment room, the terms of storage and use of sterile medical products are determined by the terms of its covering.

✪ How to handle sterile materials after opening the package: step by step algorithm in the Head Nurse System.✪

Products and instruments that were not used during the manipulation are subject to re-sterilization.

As for the tray, during operation it is laid out on the manipulation table immediately before use in a particular patient. The number of sterile trays and other products and instruments should be sufficient to ensure the smooth operation of the treatment room.

Venous blood collection technique in the daily practice of a procedural nurse

The results of the study may be affected by the errors of the health worker during the taking of blood. Check if your employees perform this manipulation correctly.

Here is a protocol from the Chief Nurse magazine that describes step by step the actions of a nurse during a blood draw using the example of Greiner Bio-One materials:

1. Remove the gray protective cap from the valve portion of the reversible needle. An intact perforated label is an indicator of the sterility and integrity of the needle. If the perforation is torn or damaged, discard the needle and get another one.

2. Screw the double-sided needle perpendicularly into the holder. If the needle is screwed into the holder incorrectly, both the holder and the needle may be damaged and the needle may fall out.

The full algorithm of actions is available to the clients of the Chief Nurse magazine.

Separate table for blood sampling in the treatment room

The requirements for the equipment of the treatment room are determined by the provisions of the Procedure for the provision of medical care, developed for its individual types, profiles, diseases or conditions (according to federal law No. 323-FZ of November 21, 2011 "On the basics of protecting the health of citizens in the Russian Federation").

However, no order contains a requirement for a separate table for blood sampling. It cannot be found either in the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation No. 58 dated May 18, 2010 “On Approval of SanPiN 2.1.3.2630-10 “Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for Organizations Carrying out Medical Activities”, or in the Decree of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation No. 1 dated 01/11/2011 "On approval of SP 3.1.5.2826-10 "Prevention of HIV infection".

This requirement is provided only for the equipment of polyclinic consultative and diagnostic centers for the examination of citizens who live and work in the areas of events established around chemical weapons storage facilities and chemical weapons destruction facilities in accordance with Order No. 400 dated 05.11. of the Russian Federation dated September 22, 1999 No. 1082.

Object of control	Subject of control	Responsible	Executor	Periodicity
Surfaces of rooms, honey. furniture, equipment (including ventilators, anesthesia and respiratory equipment, hemodialysis, artificial blood circulation, dosing equipment, incubators)	Compliance with the frequency of preventive disinfection (current and general cleaning)	Head Nurse of the Department	Intermediate and junior medical staff of departments	Monthly Weekly (optional)
	The effectiveness of preventive disinfection	Head Nurse of the Department	Laboratory LPO(*)	2 times a year (selection of premises according to the schedule)
	Efficiency of focal and final disinfection	Head Nurse of the Department	Laboratory LPO(*)	In each case of an infectious disease and according to epid. testimony
Indoor air	The effectiveness of preventive disinfection (bacterial contamination of the air, CFU, Staphylococcus aureus) in operating rooms, delivery rooms, treatment rooms, dressing rooms, surgical rooms (including urological, dental, gynecological, endoscopic, procedural) blood transfusion, hemodialysis departments	Head nurse	Laboratory LPO(*)	2 times per year
	Ensuring compliance with the requirements of operational documentation for installations	Responsible person	Nursing staff of departments	Annually
	Keeping a log of registration and control of air disinfection installations	Elder sister	Responsible person	Constantly
Chemicals for disinfection/sterilization	Availability of registration certificates, certificates of conformity for the disinfectants used and instructions for their use	chief nurse (responsible person for the storage of disinfectants funds)		On admission each party
	Availability of an irreducible monthly supply of disinfectants	chief nurse	Head Nurse of the Department	Monthly
	Determination of the concentration of working solutions of disinfectants, sterilizing agents using chemical indicators	Head Nurse of the Department	Nursing staff working with disinfectants	Weekly (at least one sample of each type)
	Laboratory control (physico-chemical and analytical) DV	chief nurse (responsible person for storage of disinfectants)	chief nurse (responsible person for storage of disinfectants)	At the stage of acceptance of each batch (if there are means of quantitative control of the content of the active substance), with unsatisfactory results of chemical control of the concentration of working solutions
	Compliance with the storage conditions of the agent and its working solutions, compliance with the values ​​of the mode parameters application (specified concentration, working solution temperature and holding time)	Head Nurse of the Department	Nursing staff of departments	Daily with every treatment (disinfection, sterilization)
(*) In the absence of a laboratory in a medical facility, the performer of the work is determined under an agreement with an organization accredited in the "Accreditation System for Laboratories Carrying out Sanitary and Epidemiological Research and Testing" (**) the work is carried out under the contract by an analytical laboratory accredited by the body for accreditation of analytical laboratories in the system of accreditation of analytical laboratories (SAAL).