Providing residents of the municipality Kondinsky district with high-quality and timely social services in the institution. Social services for the elderly and disabled in specialized, social rehabilitation, department and boarding schools of small capacity for the elderly and disabled. Social rehabilitation and adaptation of children and adolescents in difficult life situations in daytime conditions. Social rehabilitation of disabled children and children with disabilities in the conditions of daytime and round-the-clock stay. Organization of recreation and rehabilitation of children and adolescents who need special care of the state in the summer. Strengthening the material and technical base of the institution.

According to the department for collecting and processing statistical information of Khanty-Mansiyskstat in the Kondinsky district on the territory municipality Kondinsky district is home to 35407 people, of which children aged 0 to 14 years - 8273 people, 18 years old - 616 people, the family coefficient according to the 2002 census is 2.9, i.e. the total number of families living in the district is 6202, families with minor children - 5344. The total number of pensioners is 9247 people; disabled adults - 1718 people, disabled children - 121 people.

A significant number of elderly citizens live in the region. Consequently, the number of economically active population is relatively low, about 20 thousand people. In connection with the reductions in production, the level and, as a result, the low standard of living of a certain part of the population has increased. Unfavorable economic indicators led to an increase in family troubles: family conflicts, child and adolescent homelessness, alcoholism, etc.

Differentiation of demographic indicators in the region, as well as an analysis of age and social needs, makes it possible to predict a significant demand for social services ah provided by the "Complex Center social service Fortuna population.

At present, the form of social service has really become widespread in the Kondinsky district. For many residents of the Kondinsky district who find themselves in a difficult life situation, our Comprehensive Center has become a place where they can get help. Today, about a third of the residents of the district receive the services of our center.

Analysis of program implementation.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of the program in order to identify its strengths and weaknesses, prospects for further development.

4. a brief description of program activities

Providing residents of the municipality Kondinsky district with high-quality and timely social services.

The activity of the Institution is aimed at carrying out social, health-improving, pedagogical, preventive and other measures, in connection with which the Institution carries out:

Monitoring of the social and demographic situation, the level of socio-economic well-being of citizens in the territory of the municipality Kondinsky district. Conducting an analysis of the quality of life and the level of well-being of citizens, through sociological and monitoring studies throughout the territory serviced by the Institution; Identification and accounting of citizens in need of social support, permanent and temporary nature of its provision. Implementation of early detection and registration of citizens who find themselves in an extreme life situation and citizens in dire need of social support in order to provide them with assistance; Providing citizens with social, socio-medical, social, socio-economic, socio-psychological, socio-pedagogical, social and legal and advisory services, in accordance with the list of social services guaranteed by the national standard of the Russian Federation. Expansion of the range of services provided and continuous improvement of the quality of social services; Social support for families and children, participation in the prevention of neglect of minors, protection of their rights. Activities aimed at early identification of troubles in families, at reducing and preventing social orphanhood, organizing the prevention of neglect and homelessness of minors, juvenile delinquency and crimes; Introduction and development into practice of new forms and methods of social services, including the quality management system of the institution. In order to increase performance efficient operation institutions; Carrying out activities to improve the professional level of employees of the Institution. In order to ensure constant professional suitability and improve the efficiency of the personnel potential of the specialists of the Institution; Organization and conduct of outreach work with the citizens of the region, through work with, as well as the production and distribution of methodological materials, leaflets, memos, etc .; Organization and holding of methodological, training and other seminars, conferences and other events that contribute to improving the effectiveness of social assistance to the population. Involvement of state, municipal and non-governmental government agencies, organizations and institutions (health, education, employment services and others), as well as public organizations and associations to organize joint activities to provide comprehensive social support to elderly and disabled citizens, families and minors, children with disabilities and disabled children and citizens in an extreme situation; Social rehabilitation of children with disabilities and disabled children. Creation of conditions for the upbringing and socialization of this category of children, the protection and promotion of health, the provision of intellectual and personal development, leisure activities, maximum development creativity children with limited physical and mental capabilities, the formation of needs for self-development and self-education; Conducting rehabilitation courses for children with disabilities and children with disabilities in a round-the-clock stay on the basis of a rehabilitation department for children and adolescents with disabilities gp. Mezhdurechensky, under the program "Together with Mom"; Social rehabilitation and adaptation of children with disabilities and children in need of special care of the state in the branch of the institution gp. Kondinsky; Social rehabilitation of elderly citizens and disabled people on a voucher, course system in conditions of daytime and (or) round-the-clock stay; End-of-life care and improvement medical care in stationary conditions on the basis of the department - a boarding school of small capacity for the elderly and the disabled.

5.Principles of social service in the institution

Social services in the Institution are based on the following principles:

Differentiated and targeted approach - differentiation of assistance to various categories of the population with the real situation of each client; Equality and accessibility - the inadmissibility of any form of discrimination against the clients of the institution, regardless of their national, cultural, regional differences, in the course of providing social assistance and social services. Availability of social assistance to all citizens who need it; Complexity - covering all aspects of the client's life, providing him with comprehensive assistance from the institution to solve the problem; Voluntariness - acceptance by the client of assistance from the institution only on a voluntary basis; Humanity - a respectful attitude towards the client, a manifestation of philanthropy and humanity towards him; Prioritizing the provision of social services to minors in difficult life situations; Confidentiality - non-disclosure by employees of the institution of information about the client without his oral or written permission. Informing the client, as far as possible, about the disclosure of confidential information and possible consequences when discussing services before disclosing information (as required by law or with the consent of the client); Preventive orientation - the orientation of social assistance to the prevention of negative phenomena, carried out on the basis of an analysis and forecast of the development of the situation; Feedback - the presence and development of direct and feedback between the client and the institution; Comprehensive justification - legal, economic, scientific justification social activities institutions.

6. Core values ​​of the Institution

Client of the Institution - his personality, interests, needs, opportunities; Employee of the Institution - his individuality, motivation for his and personal growth; A team of like-minded people is one of the main conditions for the existence and development of the Institution; The culture of relations is one of the most important components of a harmonious society, therefore, the matrix of relations:

employee - client; colleague - colleague; leader - subordinate leader.

7. Program implementation mechanism

The program is being implemented by the Budgetary Institution of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Yugra "Comprehensive Center for Social Services to the Population" Fortuna ". Through interaction with all subjects of prevention, as well as in the framework of cooperation with and other interested institutions.

The solution of the tasks specified in the program is provided within the framework of the implementation of legislative and other acts, the introduction of new forms and methods of work, as well as the activation of program-targeted activities in the institution.

8. Expected results

1. Ensuring the fulfillment of the state task in accordance with the approved list of public services (works) provided by the institution as the main activities. Increasing the number of social services provided by the institution.

2. Improving the quality and increasing the volume of rehabilitation, adaptation measures and services provided to minors in need of special care from the state, including children with disabilities, children with disabilities.

3. Improving the quality of life of senior citizens.

4. Obtaining confirmation of demand in rehabilitation courses for children with disabilities and children with disabilities in the conditions of a round-the-clock stay under the program "Together with Mom". Stable implementation of 85-90% of vouchers for rehabilitation courses.

5. Effective work of the social - rehabilitation department for children and adolescents with disabilities and children in need of special care of the state in the city of Kondinsky.

6. Ensuring the availability of inpatient medical care for patients in the terminal stage.

Conclusion

The implementation of the program will lead to a number of important social results in the territory of the municipality Kondinsky district:

Ensuring the availability and improving the quality of social services, the effectiveness of social services for the population;

Providing social services to those categories of clients who, due to objective reasons, are not able to help themselves;

Activation of the personnel potential of the employees of the Institution, by involving them in participation in advanced training courses, seminars and competitions.

The implementation of the activities envisaged by the program will help optimize the effective activities of the Institution, bringing it in line with the standards. The range of social services provided to citizens who find themselves in a difficult life situation will also improve qualitatively through the introduction of new social technologies and use of the creative potential of the staff of the Institution. Availability and quality of social services final result the implementation of the program will testify, firstly, to the sustainability of social services for the population on the territory of the municipality Kondinsky district in terms of ensuring the interests of citizens in difficult life situations, and secondly, the readiness of the institution to maximally satisfy the need of citizens in social services and social services, thirdly, the coverage of a larger number of families raising children and adolescents with disabilities living in the administrative territories of the municipality Kondinsky district and the provision of all types of services to needy citizens, which in turn will have a positive effect on the performance of the institution.

Annex 1

Legislative and regulatory framework for social services in the Institution

Currently, social services for the population are regulated by the following regulations:

Federal Law of 01.01.01 No.-178-FZ "On State Social Assistance";

Federal Law of 1995 "On the Fundamentals of Social Services for the Population in the Russian Federation" as amended federal law from 01.01.01;

Federal Law of 1995 "On Social Services for Elderly Citizens and the Disabled" as amended by the Federal Law of 01.01.01;

Federal Law of 01.01.01 "On Disabled Persons in the Russian Federation" as amended by the Federal Law of 01.01.01;

Federal Law of 01.01.01 "On Basic Guarantees of the Rights of the Child in the Russian Federation" as amended by the Federal Law of 01.01.01;

Federal Law of 01.01.01 "On the Fundamentals of the System for the Prevention of Neglect and Juvenile Delinquency";

Decree of the Government of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra dated 01.01.01 "On the organization of social services for the elderly and disabled in Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Yugra";

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 01.01.01 No. 000 “On the procedure and conditions for paying for social services provided to elderly citizens and the disabled by state and municipal social service institutions”;

Decree of the Government of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra dated 01.01.01 No. 19-P "On the list of state-guaranteed social services provided to the elderly and the disabled, and the regulation on the procedure and conditions for the provision of free, partially paid and paid social services to the elderly and the disabled" KhMAO-Yugra";

Decree of the Government of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra dated 01.01.01 "On the procedure and conditions for the provision of free and paid social services to citizens in difficult life situations in Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Yugra";

Decree of the Government of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug No. 4-P dated 01.01.01 “On the procedure and conditions for payment of stationary social services for the elderly and disabled, and amending the Decree of the Government of the Autonomous Okrug dated 01.01.01”;

Decree of the Government of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Yugra dated January 1, 2001 “On the procedure for providing social services to minors who are in a socially dangerous situation or other difficult life situation in social service institutions of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Yugra”;

Decree of the Government of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra dated 01.01.01 “On the procedure for establishing state standards social services for the population in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra”;

Decree of the Government of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra dated 01.01.01 “On the procedure for determining and keeping elderly and disabled citizens in boarding schools of general and neuropsychiatric types of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Yugra”;

Decree of the Government of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra dated 01.01.01 "On the organization social work according to the precinct principle in Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Yugra”;

Decree of the Government of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra dated 01.01.01 "On the procedure and conditions for the provision of social services to persons without a fixed place of residence and employment in Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Yugra";

Charter of the institution;

National standard of the Russian Federation GOST R 52142-2003 “Social services for the population. The quality of social services. General provisions» (adopted by the resolution of the State Standard of the Russian Federation of 01.01.01);

National standard of the Russian Federation GOST R 52496-2005 “Social services for the population. Quality control of social services. Basic Provisions” (approved by Order federal agency on technical regulation and dated 01.01.01. .);

National standard of the Russian Federation GOST R 52498-2005 “Social services for the population; Classification of social service institutions” (approved by Order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology of 01.01.01);

National standard of the Russian Federation GOST R 52497-2005 "Social services to the population. The quality system of social service institutions" (approved by order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology dated 01.01.01 N 534-st);

National standard of the Russian Federation GOST R 52884-2007 “Social services for the population. The procedure and conditions for the provision of social services to elderly citizens and the disabled” (approved by Order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology of 01.01.01);

National standard of the Russian Federation GOST R 52885-2007 “Social services for the population. Social Services for the Family” (approved by Order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology dated 01.01.01);

National standard of the Russian Federation GOST R 52885-2007 “Social services for the population. Social Services for Women” (approved by Order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology dated January 1, 2001);

Regulations on structural divisions;

Job descriptions of specialists of the institution providing social services.

Other acts of the Russian Federation, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra, the Department of Labor and social protection population.

An integral element state system social security V Russian Federation social services for the elderly and disabled, families, children, which include various types of social services aimed at meeting the special needs of these categories of citizens.

The creation of a social service system is designed to help remove many problems in the field of education, care for disabled family members, rehabilitation, organization of everyday life, leisure, problems associated with conflict in relationships, reducing the ability to self-sufficiency, contributing to marginalization and other asocial phenomena, which will raise the level of social services, contributes to the coordination of efforts in this direction by state bodies and various social structures, including non-state, private and charitable, church and other organizations providing social assistance.

At present, the state is making great efforts to create a comprehensive system of social services for the population, allocate financial resources for its development. In departments of social services, the range of services provided to various categories of the population is expanding, branches of a new functional purpose are being opened, the material and technical base is being updated, etc.

New technologies, changes in the system of labor relations cause high professional and qualification requirements for specialists on the part of the employer (employer). In this regard, much attention is paid to the development of human resources, increasing the professionalism and competence of specialists of the social service institution, which contributes to the provision of high-quality social services that meet the needs of consumers.

The concept of personnel potential is associated with specific individuals, with their skills that can be used to improve efficiency in various areas of production, with the presence, level of manifestation of significance business qualities, i.e. we are talking about the potential individual employees. it is in professional qualification requirements or professiograms, which include a system of required qualities and the level of their manifestation necessary to perform the relevant functions, AND THE POTENTIAL OF STAFF IS FIXED.

Personnel potential is the skills and abilities of employees of a social service institution that can be used to achieve a social effect.

As tasks affecting the scale of human resources, its effective use can be set as follows:

Qualified staff development

Attracting qualified specialists

Creating optimal conditions for effective work personnel

A necessary condition for solving managerial problems is the availability of highly qualified personnel, ready to master new knowledge. The development of personnel at the level of a particular individual includes methods of training and retraining of workers, specialists and managers, methods of advanced training outside the organization, conferences, etc.

Currently, the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug is working with personnel, which includes:

Training

Certification

Conferences

Exchange of work experience

Annual social and scientific readings

Professional associations of specialists of social service institutions

The advanced training of employees of institutions subordinated to the Yugra Department of Social Development organizes and conducts the “Methodological Center for the Development of Social Services”, which closely cooperates with the Yugra Department of Social Development on planning and preparing advanced training programs, as well as in organizing and conducting additional events, thereby responding to changes in a timely manner in the life of the district and the requests of specialists from social service institutions.

In connection with the introduction of new technologies in social work and high standards to the professionalism of specialists, the need to improve vocational training specialists of institutions on topical issues of activity. Every year the number of events organized by the BU KhMAO "Methodological Center for the Development of Social Services" is increasing.

Specialists of the social service system are trained in the following areas:

Development and implementation of innovative technologies, programs in social service institutions

Socio-psychological work with families, children

Accompanying families and children, graduates of boarding schools

Social adaptation and rehabilitation of citizens

Organization methodical work in social service institutions

Training in the field of work with information technology

Regulatory direction

Education in the field of institution management

Various forms of work are used at training events:

Lectures, practical classes, exchange of experience, business games, trainings, reflections, round tables, etc., which contributes to the qualitative assimilation of new knowledge and work skills by students. participants in advanced training courses and seminars get acquainted with innovative technologies for working with the elderly, disabled people, families, are provided with methodological material containing useful information, theoretical and practical developments on the topic of activities that are used in their professional activities, which contributes to improving the quality of social services.

Training at course events is carried out by teachers of higher educational institutions, highly qualified practitioners of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra and regions of Russia (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg, Omsk, Chelyabinsk, Novosibirsk)

In order to develop the social service system of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra and the regions, specialists from the Methodological Center for the Development of Social Services develop, test and distribute innovative technologies, scientific and methodological psychological support for employees of social service institutions is carried out.

The specifics of social service institutions, its normal functioning is impossible due to the effective personnel policy, as the provision of human resources is critical to effective work and is increasingly being put forward as a priority.

From how the management of personnel potential is organized, which affects each employee. directly depends on the effectiveness of institutions and organizations. The staff of institutions subordinated to the Depsotsrazvitiya Yugra performs the following functions:

Implements new programs, technologies in the field of social services

Promotes the dissemination of innovative work experience

Organizes events aimed at improving the quality and accessibility of social services provided

Contributes to the creation of effective labor collective focused on professional development and providing a high level of motivation.

Thus, human resources play a key role in the system of social services, contributing to its development, the quality organization of social services provided.

E.V. Kravets

Methodist of the Department for the organization of advanced training of the budgetary institution of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Ugra "Methodological Center for the Development of Social Services"

Materials used to prepare the article
magazine Social service №3, 2012

In order to strengthen social security, improve the quality of life of citizens in difficult life situations, by improving the system of social services, the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus of September 28, 2007 No. 1229 approved the Program for the Development and Optimization of the Network of Social Service Institutions until 2010. The implementation of the Program allowed:

for stationary social service institutions:

eliminate the queue for settlement of citizens who, for medical reasons, need in-patient social services;

bring the area of ​​sleeping quarters in line with established sanitary standards;

ensure the safe living of citizens, etc.;

for territorial social service centers:

to cover with social services all needy disabled citizens living in remote sparsely populated rural areas, including through the use of the developed social infrastructure of agro-towns, small and medium-sized cities of the republic;

to strengthen the material and technical base of the centers in order to create conditions for their effective functioning and further development, as well as to implement the principle of accessibility, individual approach and targeting in the provision of social services, etc.

As of January 1, 2011, there are 22.9 thousand settlements in the Republic of Belarus, of which 22.7 thousand are rural settlements and 201 are cities and urban-type settlements. The number of elderly citizens living in them (over 60 years old) is 2.1 million people, of which 154.3 thousand people are single citizens and 573.2 thousand are living alone.

Social services at home covered all urban settlements and 58.9% of rural ones. Almost all lonely elderly (99.9%) and living alone (97.1%) citizens are registered with the territorial centers of social services for the population (hereinafter referred to as the centers) and receive the necessary types of social services.

In order to provide the population with social services in full, the internal structure centers. According to the results of 2010, 815 departments worked in the centers, 32 of them were opened.

In order to expand the coverage of social services for rural residents, social centers are being opened in rural settlements. As of January 1, 2011, there are 603 social centers in the republic, of which 550 are in countryside, 470 - in agro-towns. In 2010, 60 such points were created.

The organization of the activities of social service teams on a mobile basis, which provide comprehensive social services to disabled citizens living in remote rural settlements, is also aimed at ensuring the availability of social services.

At present, there are 47 such brigades, 6.9 thousand people received assistance. Compared to 2009, the number of brigades decreased by 5 units, due to wear and tear and insufficient equipment of the centers by car limiting the mobility of such teams.

As of January 1, 2011, 1.7 million people were registered in the centers, of which the number of lonely elderly citizens was 154.3 thousand people, living alone - 556.6 thousand people, lonely and lonely living disabled people I and II groups - 44.4 thousand people, young disabled people (under 31) - 52 thousand people.

Measures are constantly being taken to expand the list of social services, including those provided by centers on a fee basis.

As a result, the extrabudgetary accounts of the centers received 16.7 billion rubles, of which 10.9 billion rubles (65.3%) were earned by social assistance departments at home. The funds received are directed to the further development of social services, strengthening the material and technical base of the centers and stimulating the work of workers.

The activities of economic teams that provide the elderly and the disabled with one-time social and household services are becoming increasingly important:

minor repairs of residential premises; sawing and chopping firewood;

transportation of goods;

landscaping, etc.

Such services to disabled citizens are provided by 32 economic teams. In total, 198.4 thousand services were provided, 56 thousand people received assistance.

Citizens with physical disabilities demand rental services technical means social rehabilitation, for families in which three or more children were born at the same time - babysitting services. According to the results of 2010, 62 nannies help large families in caring for children until they reach the age of three. 230 children receive the necessary assistance and care.

In total, the centers provided 4.1 thousand services for the rental of rehabilitation equipment, 3.9 thousand people received assistance.

population social workers providing hourly day care at home for citizens who have lost the ability to self-service, amounted to 143 people. Compared to 2009, their number decreased by 8 people.

The number of nurses providing services to citizens who have lost their motor activity has also decreased, which may be due to the rather high cost of such services. At the end of 2010, the number of nurses was 81 people, in 2009 - 85 people.

The services of social assistance departments at home, which operate in all centers, are most in demand. Currently, 84.5 thousand people are served at home. Compared to 2009, their number increased by 2.2 thousand people.

The share of citizens served on a paid basis is growing every year. 77.5 thousand people (92%) are served on the terms of partial and full payment, which indicates the availability and demand for social services at home.

In order to provide assistance to citizens who have been subjected to psychophysical violence, who have become victims of human trafficking, who have suffered from criminal activities; persons from among orphans and children left without parental care; released from places of deprivation of liberty and some others, in restoring the ability to live in a social environment, departments of social adaptation and rehabilitation function in 145 centers.

They include 31 "crisis rooms", assistance was provided to 103 citizens in a state of crisis (a condition dangerous to health and life, in conflict with other family members, subjected to psychophysical violence, victims of human trafficking), 754 circles (clubs) for interests.

The activities of the day care departments for the disabled (hereinafter referred to as the DCT) are aimed, among other things, at fulfilling the instructions of the Head of State to ensure the continuity of the transition of graduates from the centers for correctional and developmental training and rehabilitation of the Ministry of Education (hereinafter referred to as the CDROiR) to the centers. At present, the number of graduates of the CCRRO&R attending such departments is 537 people.

At the end of 2010, CCTs were created in 145 centers, almost 152,000 people with disabilities received the necessary assistance. In 2010, 26 such departments were created.

The issues of social rehabilitation and adaptation of disabled people are also dealt with by 7 departments of social adaptation, rehabilitation and day care for disabled people in the Vitebsk region (in areas where there are no graduates of the Central Committee for the Development of the Disabled and the number of disabled people is insufficient to open a CCT).

In order to carry out labor rehabilitation and occupational therapy for disabled people, 86 rehabilitation and labor workshops have been created in the centers, equipped with the necessary devices, tools and consumables, for the organization of leisure and development of the creative potential of the disabled, 736 hobby groups function, 5.9 thousand cultural events have been held. In general, 125 thousand disabled people took part in rehabilitation activities.

On a permanent basis (daily) departments are visited by 3.3 thousand disabled people.

Currently, the centers have 55 round-the-clock departments for elderly and disabled citizens (hereinafter - OKP) for 1942 places. The activities of such departments contribute, among other things, to reducing the queue for the settlement of disabled citizens in boarding schools. In 2010, 6 such departments were created.

In the Republic of Belarus, there is a wide system of material support for families with children:

benefits in connection with the birth and upbringing of children;

food benefits;

financial assistance in repayment of loans for housing construction.

Over 470 thousand children (26% of their total number) are covered by the system of social benefits.

In 2008, the allowance for caring for a child under 3 years of age was increased from 60% to 80% of the subsistence minimum budget, or by 46%. The average monthly allowance for children over 3 years old increased by 18%.

From February 1, 2011, the average monthly state allowance for families raising children under the age of 3 years is set at 296,870 rubles. The allowance for children over 3 years of age has been increased to 89,000 rubles.

Considerable attention is paid to providing free food for children in the first two years of life. In 2010, over 44,000 children under the age of 2 received this type of assistance.

In 2010 the right to free meals children were received by all families, regardless of the total income for the birth of triplets or more children. These families can use free babysitting services until the children are three years old (previously, such a service was provided until the children were two years old).

Decree of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus dated January 14, 2011 No. 47 "On amendments and additions to the resolutions of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus dated June 8, 2001 No. 858 and April 4, 2003 No. 456" to the List of free and publicly available social services services provided by state social service institutions of the system of bodies for labor, employment and social protection in accordance with their profile, included services for the provision of psychological assistance to low-income citizens and those in difficult life situations, as well as revised norms and standards for the provision of these citizens with psychological assistance services.

State targeted social assistance

In 2010, state targeted social assistance was provided to 165.4 thousand people for a total amount of more than 50.8 billion rubles, the average monthly social benefit amounted to an average of 51.2 thousand rubles per month per person, and a lump sum - 176, 1 thousand rubles. More than 15.2 thousand people have been assigned social benefits to pay for technical means of social rehabilitation for a total amount of more than 8.4 billion rubles.

In 2010, 93% of the funds planned for the payment of 54.6 billion rubles to GASP were disbursed.

In comparison with 2009, in 2010 there was an increase in the total amount of the assigned GASP by 20.9% due to 8.4 billion rubles allocated to pay for technical means of social rehabilitation, as well as due to an increase in the amount of payments for a one-time payment by 3 billion rubles. social benefit.

The main amount of assistance in the form of monthly and lump-sum social benefits is paid to applicants in cash. In-kind in 2010, such allowances were assigned in the amount of more than 575.9 million rubles. In a non-cash form, including for payment of housing and communal services, 585.9 million rubles were transferred.

It should be noted that in 2010, 88.3 thousand or 72.3% of people received monthly social benefits immediately for 6 months.

In 2010, among the recipients of the monthly social allowance were: 87.8% - families raising minor children, including: 21.8% - families with many children; 44.9 - incomplete families; 2% - families with disabled children under the age of 18.

The number of citizens receiving GASP in the form of a monthly and one-time social allowance, living separately, or leading separate households, in 2010 amounted to 15.2 thousand people or 10.1% of the total number of GASP recipients, including: 1.7% - single invalids of I and II groups; 0.1% - single invalids of the III group receiving a social pension; 3.4% are single pensioners.

Of the total number of GASP recipients in 2010, 48% live in rural areas.

On present stage development of society, in order to solve the tasks assigned to it, it is necessary to fully mobilize socio-psychological factors in social production, gain social orientation management of the economy, which is impossible without active research and timely insight into the essence of the socio-economic processes taking place in the sphere of production.

The effectiveness of social work at an industrial enterprise ensures the formation of social activity of its participants, related to their personal characteristics, attitude to production, society, labor, education, social activities.

Creating conditions under which employees would have the opportunity to self-realize their strengths, potential, energy, is the main purpose of the social policy of an industrial enterprise. This happens when there are real prerequisites, material resources, financial sources to create: and the formation of a worthy human life status.

As a result, there is a need to improve the management social processes, improving the level of work in the field social development labor collectives. Enterprise social development services should play an important role in this.

The enterprise social development service is an independent subdivision reporting to the head of the enterprise or his deputy for social issues.

Sphere of interaction: production units, social institutions, other related services of enterprises, scientific institutions, universities, etc.

Purpose: to provide conditions for improving the quality of life of the workforce and the level of labor productivity at the enterprise as a whole.

• 1) Provide conditions for ensuring the social development of the enterprise on the basis of a scientifically based approach through a comprehensive study of the socio-psychological problems of organizing work, life and recreation of workers.
• 2) Develop and implement measures to ensure the identification and use of reserves for increasing labor productivity and increasing production efficiency.

Staffing: sociologists, psychologists, specialists in career guidance, organization and production management.

Technology for organizing the activities of the Enterprise Social Development Service

The main activities of the Enterprise Social Development Service are focused on the following functions:

• information and research (cognitive) (provides the management of the enterprise with reliable and complete information about the state and trends in social phenomena and processes in production. To do this, the social development service must systematically investigate and analyze bottlenecks, develop social maps of employees and social passports of teams that represent a system of socio-economic indicators characterizing them.This function is creative in nature, it is based on the collection, processing and analysis of social information, studying the results of other sociological studies and determining trends in the development of social phenomena and processes);
• managerial and prognostic (expressed in the duties of service workers to predict the development of social phenomena, processes and manage them in production teams);
• organizational and control (reduced to the organization and implementation of scientific recommendations on the management of social processes, control over the implementation of these recommendations);
• consulting (consisting in the provision by sociologists of the enterprise practical advice members of the team on various social issues, holding consultations on social topics);
• the function of social evaluation (which consists in determining the social effectiveness of the measures being implemented. The economic effect does not always coincide with the social one. Some measures, improving economic indicators, may cause undesirable social phenomena. The tasks of the sociological service include monitoring the social parameters of the development of the team in order to prevent their deterioration);
• pedagogical and educational function (imposing on social workers the responsibility of disseminating best practices, organizing staff training, studying and communicating to the team, including the administration of the necessary sociological, psychological, pedagogical knowledge and convincing them of the expediency of using this knowledge in practical activities, forming heads of production of sociological thinking)

• 1) Planning and management of social development of labor collectives:
  • *analysis of the level of social development of labor collectives, preparation of proposals for draft programs of social development of collectives;
  • * study of the social aspects of scientific and technological progress, development of measures to overcome the social heterogeneity of labor, socio-psychological support for the implementation new technology and technology, reducing heavy, monotonous and low-skilled manual labor;
  • *conducting sociological and socio-psychological research, analysis and forecasting of the development of social processes, preparation of proposals for taking into account socio-psychological factors in the organization of production and life;
  • * promotion of sociological and psychological knowledge;
  • * participation in the organization and conduct of experiments, the development of proposals on the socio-psychological aspects of improving the economic mechanism;
  • *participation in the examination of projects for the construction and reconstruction of industrial and non-production purpose in terms of ensuring that they take into account social requirements and standards.
• 2) Improving the social structure and stabilization of labor collectives:
  • *forecasting social processes in connection with the planned programs for the technical re-equipment of production, analysis of changes and development of proposals for improving the social structure of personnel;
  • *studying the causes of staff turnover, developing measures to secure staff and stabilize labor collectives.
• 3) Introduction of progressive forms of labor organization:
  • *development and implementation of measures to improve job satisfaction. Ensuring the prestige of professions, strengthening the creative nature of labor;
  • * Carrying out certification and rationalization of workplaces in accordance with social requirements;
  • *preparation of measures to improve health and create safe and favorable conditions and improve the culture of work, improve the work and production life of women;
  • * development of proposals to improve the quality of labor rationing.
• 4) Development of labor and social activity of employees:
  • *development and implementation of measures to enhance the social role of the individual, create a favorable socio-psychological climate in labor collectives;
  • *Conducting sociological consultations for workers on production and domestic issues.
• 5) Social service:
  • * development of proposals for the improvement and development of social infrastructure and the creation of conditions to meet the socio-cultural and everyday needs of workers;
  • * analysis of the organization of leisure and development of proposals for improving the use of free time, providing more favorable conditions for the rest of employees and their families, labor veterans and pensioners.
• 6) Social protection, social security, social support for employees of the enterprise, social insurance, pensions

The peculiarity of the social development of enterprises in Lately consists in the development and implementation of various social programs that can be considered as a mechanism for social protection of employees of the enterprise: non-state pension, social and medical insurance, training and retraining of employees, including financing the training of specialists from higher and secondary vocational educational institutions on a contract basis, as well as programs incentive tourism using the funds of the enterprise social development fund, programs to improve working conditions and health protection. A distinctive feature of modern social programs at the enterprise level is their free choice. The scale of social programs and the extent to which they cover workers depend primarily on the possibilities of their financial, logistical, and organizational support at enterprises.

Due to this circumstance, the economic and social components of the enterprise must be interconnected. The better the first is developed, the more effectively the second develops. This is where the pendulum effect comes into play. Improving social and labor relations at the enterprise requires strengthening the legal, organizational, and financial basis for social protection. The content of social events of the enterprise should be fixed in collective agreements and tariff agreements.

7) Medico-social work

Today, medical and social work is being formed into an independent area of ​​professional activity, and its preventive component includes measures to prevent socially dependent disorders of somatic, psychological, and reproductive health, the formation of attitudes towards a healthy lifestyle, and access to information on health issues 1 .

The main task workers of the medical and social assistance service of an industrial enterprise is to help people consciously control and improve their own life positions in order to prevent long-term functional disorders and improve somatic health. To do this, it is necessary to create or activate the following links of medical and social work at the enterprise:

• enhance interaction between medical institutions And structural divisions enterprises of health-improving, social, trade-union and other profiles;
• to develop comprehensive medical and social measures at the enterprise with the integration of medical, social, psychological, legal, pedagogical approaches into all areas of a person's professional activity;
• organize extensive educational work to strengthen the body's resistance as the main condition for maintaining health under the adverse effects of environmental, industrial, social, domestic and psychological factors;
• social service to inform the official administrative and elective bodies about the factors contributing to the loss of health, chronicity of pathological processes that impede effective treatment, reduce the orientation of the individual to a healthy lifestyle, violate social status person.
• 8) Improving working conditions

In their activities, social work specialists should pay special attention to the problem of shaping the health of workers. In the developed countries of the world, it is customary to evaluate the health of the working population in terms of economic indicators. It has been determined that the intensity of the production process and labor productivity largely depend on the state of physical and mental health of working people. There is a mutual interest of entrepreneurs and employees in maintaining a high health index, which makes it possible to assess the level of health of an individual, a group of people or an enterprise as a whole in a point system.

Improving working conditions and, consequently, maintaining the health of workers is one of the most important problems of social transformation in our country, since the trend towards a decrease in the number of workers in adverse conditions work and reduce the level of occupational morbidity, unfortunately, no. As you know, the efficiency of the production process is determined not only by the number of employees, their level of qualification, the organization of production, but also by the state of health of each member of the team.

The current situation in society regarding the health of working people increases the responsibility of the administration industrial enterprises for carrying out measures to optimize working conditions and organizing preventive approaches to prevent the occurrence of occupational diseases. Requires selection of groups increased risk and, above all, workers with a long working history, women of childbearing age, persons with functional disabilities, workers who are often and for a long time ill, in order to carry out a complex of individual and group medical and preventive measures, including those that increase the overall resistance of the body.

The organization of the listed measures for the formation of the health of the workers of an industrial enterprise requires economic costs, but, as experts have calculated, this is compensated by an increase in labor productivity by 40-60%, which brings significant profit to production. So, it should be profitable to invest in the health of working people.

On the other hand, it is necessary to instill in the workers a mindset for maintaining health and personal responsibility for the implementation of health improvement recommendations that reduce the impact of unfavorable production factors on the body.

A very serious moment that adversely affects people's health is the presence of bad habits, such as smoking, alcohol abuse, drug addiction, substance abuse. People exposed to such an impact bring economic losses to the enterprise due to frequent smoke breaks, inability to adequately and quickly respond to manufacturing process, lethargy, weakness and low working capacity. Considering experience foreign countries, in this organization, apply material penalties in cases where the employee smokes in the wrong place.

When considering economic approaches that shape the health of workers in industrial enterprises, the implementation of this program should solve the following problems:

The interest of the employee himself in the preservation and restoration of his health. To do this, introduce any incentives for employees who are not sick, do not have bad habits and regularly undergo medical examinations. Reduce size monetary compensation due to morbidity associated with the presence of bad habits. Create competition in hiring, giving preference to healthy individuals.

To interest heads of enterprises in preserving and strengthening the health of their employees. The company must bear liability for the health of their employees, which will inevitably lead to increased measures to improve the working conditions of workers.

* to resolve the issue of social protection of employees who have been working for a long time at an enterprise where there are adverse factors for health, namely, to pay additional compensation in case of loss of health or when an employee becomes disabled due to a general illness.

Scientists note a decrease in the importance of health in the minds of the population, which indicates a decrease in the predisposition to a healthy lifestyle due to the limited socio-economic and socio-psychological capabilities of society. All this indicates that there is a sharp increase in the need for adequate and effective measures aimed at providing medical and social assistance to employees of the enterprise.

9) Social support from the damaging effects of stress Social support has traditionally been seen as a buffer between occupational stress and the dysfunctional consequences of stressful events, as it affects a person's confidence in their ability to cope and helps prevent the damaging effects of stress. The search for social support is the ability in a difficult situation to find support from others (family, friends, colleagues) - a sense of community, practical assistance, information 1 . Social support is significantly associated with psychological and physical health whether life and work stresses are present or not.

For the professional adaptation of specialists and the preservation of their professional longevity, it is promising to develop and use various types of social, professional and personal support that prevent burnout syndrome.

7) Socio-psychological service

The Social Work Specialist performs many functions. In carrying them out, he certainly resorts to the help of psychology. Studies show that at least one third of the country's adult population lives under conditions of high levels of psycho-emotional stress. In ecologically unfavorable regions, this figure increases to 45%. Another third of the population lives in a state of average level of chronic psycho-emotional stress. Thus, approximately 70% of Russians are affected by chronic high and medium levels of stress. It has been established that the main sources of stress are legal insecurity, a low level of environmental safety, a difficult environmental situation, fears for the future, a conflict situation in the family or at work. Approximately one third of the adult population needs psychological help to correct their psycho-emotional state.

Therefore, in social work at the enterprise, it is advisable to use psychological methods aimed at solving the problems of adapting workers, socializing young people, and improving the social and production environment. Methods are divided into individual and group.

Significant results in social work allow the use of methods of psychodiagnostics, focused on the study of socio-psychological characteristics of the individual, teams, educational, economic relations.

Psychological counseling is widely used in social work. It should be addressed by both managers and ordinary workers. Based on the results of this work, their individual and group activity. Psychological selection is a necessary method of social work. It is used for social and professional self-determination of the employees of the enterprise, determining the area of ​​retraining of personnel, staffing groups.

Methods of psychotherapy in this case focused on psychological transformations in the structure of a holistic personality. On this basis, the psychological methods used in social work in the form of training, games, immersion, are distinguished by their systemic nature, the strength of their impact.

A social worker most often acts as a social psychologist. He seeks to understand the person who turned to him for help, helps him to realize his own situation, strengths his personality to solve the problems he faces. The social worker acts as an active party organizing, maintaining and developing contacts. It develops the motivation for socially oriented activities of clients, enriches the self-activity of the individual, corrects behavior, and conducts social and therapeutic work.

A social worker at an enterprise should act as a practical psychologist, since the content and methods of his activity are aimed at solving practical problems of the life of his clients. By ensuring success in the field of survival, retraining, re-education, the social worker gains the trust of clients.

The content of social activity includes several psychological aspects, such as: the formation of social needs, interests, motives, communication methods, the perception of a person and groups, the creation of favorable conditions for people's life. The means of social work also contain a variety of psychological elements; informing, instructing, recommendations, persuasion, various types of analysis.

The pinnacle of the system of psychological support for social work is the formation of social security not only for clients of social security, social rehabilitation, social therapy, but also for the structures themselves, problem solving social work.

The following are considered as performance criteria:

• availability of a database and cards of personalized social accounting of the department's clients;
• the number of events carried out with the participation of the department;
• satisfaction of employees of the enterprise with the social policy of the organization, the work of the department, identified through special surveys, questionnaires, interviews with staff;
• correlation of incurred costs for individual worker with results. his production activities.

Expected results of the program implementation:

^Improving the methods of managing the social development of labor collectives, methodological support.

• 2) Ensuring the growth of social efficiency, which, along with economic efficiency, is the most important prerequisite and condition for the well-being of the enterprise and its employees.
• 4. The program for planning the social development of the workforce at the enterprise for survival in the new market environment pushed the issues of planning social development at enterprises into the background. However, this does not mean that the need for such work has lost its relevance. The strengthening of stabilization processes in the country will inevitably put the problems of managing social development among the priorities. Therefore, it is advisable to consider the issues of organizing the management of social development in enterprises. Social processes at the enterprise must be managed, these goals are served by social planning or planning of social development of labor collectives.

Labor collectives are called upon to produce material goods, but this is not an end in itself, but a means of creating favorable conditions for workers to work, study, rest, develop and best use their abilities. Depending on the factor, the main principles of social planning are put forward:

• *in the center strategic planning it is not the manufactured products that are put, but the person as a producer and consumer, as a socially active person;
• *achievement of the set social goals is based on economic growth: the team can set only those social tasks for the solution of which the material base has been created;
• * the complexity of approaches and measures aimed at solving the identified problems;
• * scientific validity and objectivity of the proposed methods and mechanisms for solving problems;
• *principle of targeting.

These principles determine the purpose of the program: the formation and implementation of a system of methods and means of systematic management of the development of the workforce as social community, purposeful regulation of social processes and development social relations at the enterprise level.

The achievement of this goal contributes to the solution of the following tasks:

• 1) Form and implement a system of technological, technical and organizational measures aimed at maximizing the satisfaction of the reasonable needs of team members, increasing the content of work, creating favorable working conditions, study and recreation, which is;
• 2) Creation of conditions for the maximum use of opportunities and the comprehensive development of the social activity of a person's personality in the industrial sphere.
• 3) The education of the personality of a member of the team, the formation of his proactive attitude to work, the improvement of relationships in the team.

Objects of influence: the labor collective of the enterprise

Program implementation level: enterprise level.

Scale: structural.

Period: medium term

Program implementation technology

The technology for implementing the program for planning the social development of the workforce at the enterprise is a process of interdependent stages of work, involving their reproduction in a certain sequence:

1) Diagnostic stage

Social planning at the enterprise should be preceded by a comprehensive sociological study of the workforce:

• study of the social structure of workers;
• identifying its weak links and areas for improvement.
• study of the attitude of people to work, the factors of attractiveness and unattractiveness of labor at the enterprise as a whole and in each of its divisions;
• study of the degree of content of labor, its conditions and the level of its payment, staff turnover, labor discipline, value orientations in the team.

Based on the results of the study, scientifically based recommendations are developed for changing the social parameters of the workforce and specific proposals are made for various directions work in the company's team. Such recommendations and proposals become the basis of social planning for the current period (a year) and for the future (3-5 years or more).

2) Planning and organizational stage

It involves drawing up a plan for the social development of the workforce of the enterprise, which includes a set of evidence-based activities, tasks, indicators for the entire complex social problems, the implementation of which contributes to the most effective functioning of the team.

The plan of social development of the labor collective includes:

A) Definition and formulation of goals and objectives that determine the direction of theoretical developments and the effectiveness of social planning in practice, taking into account the parameters and relationship of social and economic development collective, which depends on the effective use of social factors, the reorientation of production to the consumer, on the full and comprehensive use of human capabilities.

The development of the plan includes four stages:

• 1) Preparatory stage:
  • * making a decision on the development of a social development plan;
  • * definition and formulation of goals and objectives that determine the direction of theoretical developments and the effectiveness of social planning in practice (taking into account the parameters and the relationship of the social and economic development of the team, which depends on the effective use of social factors, the reorientation of production to the consumer, on the full and comprehensive use of human capabilities );
  • *determining the sources and possibilities of the resource base necessary to solve the identified problems;
  • * determination of indicators of the social development of the labor collective (determined mainly by the collectives themselves, based on the availability of opportunities in the interests of development and increasing the efficiency of its activities);
  • planning additional measures to limit undesirable tendencies and stimulate socially progressive ones. For this purpose, a whole system of levers and incentives is used (the prestige of the profession and the place of work, the traditions of the enterprise, etc.).
  • agreements are concluded with organizations involved in the development and implementation of the plan;
  • work schedules are drawn up; clear parameters of work are determined (indicators and deadlines for each event);
  • the program and methods of conducting research are determined based on specific working conditions;
  • forms are being developed working documentation;
  • working groups are formed;
  • the content of the work is determined and functions are distributed among the performers (creative teams), the team is instructed and informed;
  • distribution functional duties and determining the degree of responsibility for the level of effectiveness of the activities carried out.
• 1) Analytical stage:
  • the degree of fulfillment of the previous plan for the social development of the labor collective is determined;
  • being studied social structure, conditions of work, life and rest, level wages and other collected materials;
  • held comparative analysis the information received with normative data, the achievements of the advanced experience of science and technology, which contributes to the scientific substantiation of the plan;
  • processing and obtaining primary social information is compared with the results of specific sociological research;
  • the identified general trends and patterns are documented in an analytical note.
• 2) Design stage:
  • measures, proposals and recommendations are being developed to improve the indicators of the social development of the team, which should be specific and realistically feasible;
  • an initial version (draft) of the plan is drawn up by sections, the economic and social efficiency of the proposed activities is determined, which are consistent with functional services;
  • the draft plan is submitted to working group, which forms a consolidated draft plan, which is agreed with the main specialists of the enterprise and the head of the enterprise;
• 3) Control stage - a system for monitoring the implementation of the social development plan is being developed, which includes the system of accounting, control and reporting that has developed at the enterprise.

The plan of social development of the working collective reflects the following areas of organization of social work:

• A) Improving the social structure of the team:
  • measures to reduce the proportion or complete elimination of heavy and unhealthy work;
  • work to reduce the share of low-skilled labor by raising the educational and qualification levels of workers;
  • measures for the social protection of workers, taking into account their gender and age characteristics (the work of women, adolescents, and the elderly is considered separately, indicating the changes that it is advisable to make among these categories of workers;
• B) Social factors in the development of production and increase its economic efficiency.
• planning activities related to the implementation new technology and technology. Among such measures are the design of progressive forms of organization and remuneration of labor, the reduction of its monotony. The saturation of production with high-performance equipment exacerbates the problem of releasing workers and ensuring employment of the enterprise's personnel.

In this case, the possibilities of using various forms of employment are considered: part-time work, flexible working hours, home work for women and pensioners, etc.; on-the-job training; measures to stimulate rationalization and invention.

• C) Improving the working and living conditions of workers.
• implementation of measures to improve the working environment, to replace equipment that is a source of increasing harmfulness and danger, or to reliably isolate such equipment;
• measures to comply with sanitary and technical standards, labor safety standards, to organize well-equipped change houses at the enterprise, food service points, washing overalls, repairing shoes, delivering orders to workers through the tables of products and industrial goods, etc.
• measures to provide workers with housing, children preschool institutions, recreation areas, etc.
• D) Education of labor discipline, development of labor activity and creative initiative
• analysis of value orientations of employees;
• implementation of measures aimed at stimulating high labor and production discipline, at developing various forms of involving workers in the improvement of production.
• E) Drawing up a social passport of the enterprise

The social passport of an enterprise is a set of indicators reflecting the state and prospects of social development. It characterizes the social structure of the enterprise team, its functions, working conditions, the provision of workers with housing, preschool institutions, social infrastructure units at the enterprise itself. The passport reflects:

• intra-collective relations;
• social activity of employees and other issues.

Data from the social passport is used in the development of a social development plan.

E) Development and implementation of specialized social programs, such as "Health", "Women's Labor", "Youth", "Housing", etc.

Expected result of the program implementation:

Improving the system of technological, technical and organizational measures aimed at the social and professional development of team members;

• 2) Raising the level of use of opportunities and the comprehensive development of the social activity of a person's personality in the production sector;
• 3) Improving the management of social processes, improving educational work and developing the creative activity of the working people.

Implementation project approach into activitysocial service institutions Shapovalova I.F., methodologist of the organizational and methodological department of the state budgetary institution of social services of the Krasnodar Territory "Leningrad Complex Center for Social Services for the Population", the village of Leningradskaya Krasnodar Territory

annotation

The article discusses the need to restructure the organization of social work in the direction of a project-oriented approach. The ways of increasing the professional competence of employees and acquiring new competencies for the purpose of high-quality social services are presented. different layers population.

Keywords:social service, project approach, project-oriented activity, social programs, projects

The modern life of society requires significant changes in the content of social policy implemented in the institutions of social services to the population. A specialist in social work in the current conditions should be focused on solving certain tasks aimed at improving the quality of life of the population, harmonizing relations in the "man - society" system. That is why in GBU SO KK "Leningrad complex center of social services for the population" the task of training a specialist who is ready to carry out professional activities at a high intellectual and creative level comes to the fore. Thus, training is focused on acquiring a skill aimed at clearly defining problems, searching for non-standard fundamentally new creative solutions, as well as their application and implementation. In connection with the task, it became necessary to restructure the organization of social work to a new vision from the point of view of a project approach using systems thinking, while involving all social specialists: heads of structural divisions of the institution, social work specialists, social workers, psychologists, social educators, teachers - organizers and other employees of the institution. Mastering modern methods of implementing projects, social service programs is an increase in the professional competence of employees, the realization of their intellectual and creative abilities.

Like any professional activity, training in the technological process is not a one-time act, but a phased work that requires a logical conclusion. The preparatory stage for solving the set tasks is to determine the form of the target impact.

At a training workshop "Design as a kind of activity", which is considered as educational program, mastering the methodology of project management. The seminar involves the training of specialists in social sphere on design: firstly, as a learning technology based on the project approach; secondly, as a collective activity to create a mechanism and ways to implement the project.

At the first stage, the concept of "technology of social work" is revealed as a process of professional assistance different kind a person who finds himself in a difficult life situation with which he cannot cope on his own; algorithm of the specialist's activity, the result of which is a significant improvement in the client's life.

When analyzing problems and identifying the causes of their occurrence, goals are formulated, tasks and their sequence are clearly defined, and mechanisms and tools for implementation are developed.

To exclude work with citizens served by standard planning methods, the rules for compiling a program are being worked out (Figure 1).

Figure 1 Scheme for compiling the program and plan

As an activity, design has its own structure. The structure includes several relatively independent, but still mutually dependent steps:

• identification of the key problem;
• researching;
• development of the project program;
• formation and execution of project documentation;
• implementation of the project product.

Figure 2 shows a graphical model of ongoing programs or projects.

Figure 2 Block diagram of programs and projects

Knowledge technological scheme allows the social worker to get an idea of ​​the progress of the work to be done.

It is important to understand that it is impossible to master the design culture only theoretically. Having received a certain amount of knowledge on creating a project, we proceed to the next stage of training employees in design.

Practical development of project methods of work is carried out at the seminar in joint work on the development project "Step of development". This is the first introductory method of practical activity, which creates a model for solving specific socially significant problems of categories of citizens in need of assistance (Figure 3).

Figure 3 Algorithm of work on the project "Step of Development"

Preparation for the targeted impact was an independent study by the employees of the accumulated experience in the field of creating social projects published in journals, methodological literature; development and publication of the “Methodological guide for project activities”, “ methodological recommendations on the analysis of the results of project activities”; making a presentation.

According to its content, the mechanism for the phased implementation of the project is determined. At the first stage, the relevance of the issue is highlighted, which consists in the need to increase the level of professional competence of the center's specialists, goals and the expected result are formulated. When determining goals and results, an ambiguous reaction of those present is possible, but this fact is explainable. Firstly, resistance occurs for psychological reasons: any person experiences confusion of feelings, a change of mood when faced with changes, something new. Secondly, difficulties arise due to the lack of own experience in project activities. Based on the presentation of the situation, a strategy for changes in the current situation and the possibility of an alternative are developed. The key goal is to study the project implementation methodology and apply it in practice. After repeating and summarizing the sequence of the technological process that was discussed at the previous seminar, one gets acquainted with the traditional design model: goal-setting, determination of the mechanism for performing the tasks, selection of tools, efficient use of available resources, development and implementation of activities, analysis and documentation.

The second stage is devoted to the implementation of the project itself. Each participant receives teaching materials. The manual contains blocks of project development, factors that ensure its effective implementation. Based on the project development mechanism, in parallel, the actions taking place in the audience are analyzed and monitored, thereby emphasizing the inclusion of specialists in project activities.

Prediction of negative effects with the introduced changes is carried out with the help of a questionnaire. This is the third stage of the Development Step project. The target indicators are: the level of methodological literacy and professional competence of employees, the degree of involvement of the seminar participants in project activities, the assessment of the realization of each participant's own potential, the number of project ideas put forward.

Understanding the importance of project-oriented activities allows a modern specialist to communicate more communicatively and more efficiently with other project participants (project team), make an effective contribution to the organization and implementation of the project, present the project informatively to both the professional community (experts), and customers and users; analyze and evaluate their professional and personal skills.

The development of a project approach in the social sphere in the Leningrad KTSSON in the format of programs and projects for clients to provide various social services, to prevent a healthy lifestyle, to develop scenarios and activities for various categories of citizens, information and reference materials for the center's employees is aimed at providing social culture, the participation of each specialist in solving the problems of social services, the well-being of the population.

The result of the introduction of social design technology into the practice of the center is social projects and programs (table 1) for employees and clients of the center.

Implemented social projects and programs

Name of the program (project)	Goals and objectives	Approbation result
"Development of hospital-replacing technologies of social services with a primary focus on the provision of social services at home"	Objectives: to support the status of an elderly person and a disabled person at the expense of the volume of social and medical services through the organization of permanent care; assistance in solving the problems of family members engaged in labor activity. Tasks: creation of favorable conditions for the elderly and the disabled in the restoration and maintenance of lost and the formation of new communication skills; achieving the best possible standard of living for people with disabilities at home.	The activity of nurses in the “permanent care unit” reduces the risk of complications and exacerbations of existing diseases of sedentary people who need constant care in their usual home environment.
Agitation train "For a healthy lifestyle and happy old age"	Objectives: prevention of recovery and expansion of ideas about the possibilities of maintaining a healthy lifestyle in old age with a focus on active life position; providing an opportunity to receive cultural pastime for clients of home-based services, both at home and outside it. Tasks: organization of individual at home and collective in the institution sites (stops) of the "agitation train" for leisure activities; development of skills for organizing their own leisure of served citizens.	Proper organization of leisure and recreation satisfies the educational needs of the elderly, especially people with limited mobility outside the home, helps to relieve social tension, isolation, and provides an opportunity to integrate into public life.
"Life Safety"	Purpose: prevention and elimination of deaths of elderly citizens and the disabled from dangerous situations of natural, technical. and social character. Objectives: to study with serviced elderly citizens the basics of a full-fledged safe existence; mastering the methods and techniques of protection, allowing to minimize the possible damage to oneself and others.	The increased vigilance of the elderly at home, on the roads, to their own health prevents accidents in all spheres of personal and social life.
"Let's help each other"	Goals: development of social activity of elderly citizens and children through joint activities; building historical ties between the younger and older generations. Tasks: increasing motivation for volunteering, maintaining morale, positive interest in life; creation of conditions for self-realization of elderly citizens and children through the use of their skills and abilities in joint activities.	Development volunteer movement among retirees provides an opportunity to attract active senior citizens and realize their potential for the benefit of others.
"Interest-station "Welcoming Yard"	Objectives: to organize socio-cultural leisure activities in the interests of the older generation. Tasks: to provide conditions for choosing a creative platform, based on their own interests; provide an opportunity for creative development.	Courtyard areas unite creative people, contribute to the preservation of the traditions of hospitality of the Kuban Cossacks
"Leisure transit"	Purpose: to expand the range of leisure preferences of older citizens living in rural settlements of the region who do not have the opportunity to visit houses of culture, libraries, museums, cinemas. Tasks: affordable provision of cultural and entertainment events; socio-psychological rehabilitation through the expansion of the circle of contacts; improving the quality of life of the elderly.	Filling free time with the organization of cultural events makes it possible to overcome the isolation from the full life of the older generation.

Any methodological activity is based on experimental implementation, achievements and is aimed at a comprehensive increase in competence, the acquisition of new competencies and the professional growth of each specialist of the institution.

Links to sources

1. Tukkel I.L., Surina A.V., Kultin N.B. Control innovative projects: textbook / Under the total. ed. I.L. Tukkel - St. Petersburg: BHV-Petersburg, 2011, 416 p.
2. Seleznev P.S., Zhuk S.S. Management of social projects. Monograph / Publishing House: Prospekt, 2016, 96 p.
3. Morozov A. Social design in social work. Tutorial/ Publishing house: Infra-M, 2015, 208 p.
4. Khairullin V.A. Assessment of the budgetary and social effect in the development of state investments / V.A. Khairullin, E.V. Shakirova. - Ufa: RIC UGNTU, 2013. - 54 p.

Implementation of a project approach in the activities of a social service institution