Scripting a mass event
Mass events, of course, are one of the effective forms of pedagogical work. Namely, thanks to them, the teacher often manifests himself as creative person, professional in his field. The experience of holding mass events allows the teacher to develop communicative and constructive skills, hones skills, increases creativity and professional self-awareness.
Event scenario – the most common type of applied methodical products.A script is a concise, detailed record of an event: a holiday, a ruler, any business. Therefore, mastering the technology of writing scripts is important for every teacher. After all, despite the abundance of materials published today in periodicals and special literature on a variety of topics, the creation of original, exclusive scenarios necessary for work remains relevant.The teacher is given the opportunity to use the script not letter for letter, but to develop their own versions without repeating mistakes.
Possession of design and script writing skills is a universal ability that will help in compiling various forms of creative activity: abstracts, reports and other analytical materials.
Without exaggeration, it can be argued that writing a script is not an easy task and requires both natural abilities and knowledge of certain rules and basic requirements.
In addition to determining the theme and intention, one of the important stages of writing a script is the selection of material. The material is artistic and documentary.
1 TOdocumentary selection includes fixed on paper movies, photos, tapes, various facts of real life. These can be documentaries, magazine and newspaper articles, essays, diaries, letters. Documentary materials include all those events that actually happened and are recorded. Most often, the screenwriter has to deal with local material, i.e. with the facts and events that take place in his particular locality. Most often, local material has to be taken in public organizations, in various administrations, in museums, and also keep in touch with people who are interesting in their biography. These are all kinds of protocols, reports, references, newspaper clippings, archival materials, etc. and so on.
A variety of documentary material is also the planned performances of specific representatives of the team, participants in the events. For example: You give a WWII participant the floor or interview him. In personal family archives, you can get documentary material (photos, letters, certificates, documents).
2) art material - these are ready-made artistic materials of a professional or artistic nature, they include poetry, music, choral and vocal works, reproductions from paintings, fragments from feature films, plays, etc. This includes ready-made scripts written to order. Artistic materials can be found in libraries, record libraries. Sometimes special thematic collections are published, where songs, poems, excerpts from plays, dance performances, notes are printed on a specific topic, i.e. everything that can be used in the upcoming event.
Material selection criteria:
1. Correspondence of the material to the theme and idea.
2. Have a specific addressee, take into account his interests.
3. The material must be new, fresh, little known.
4. The material should be simple, clear, intelligible in content.
5. Carry artistic and aesthetic value.
6. Possibility and malleability of the material on the stage (i.e. what is written could be shown on the stage).
When you have selected the material, you proceed to write the script. Scripting plays an important role in the preparation and conduct of the event. It allows you to clearly plan all the stages and their logical relationship, think over the methods and techniques for achieving the goal, effectively use the library apparatus, and foresee errors and omissions.
When developing and writing a script, it is recommended to use the followingstructure.
Mass event scenario structure:
1. Title page (Appendix 1): higher education authorities (according to the subordination of the institution)full name of the institution in descending order, the form of the event (Appendix 2) and the name of the event,targeting (age of participants), full name author in full, position, city, year.
2. P explanatory note
Purpose of the event.
Event objectives.
Equipment and technical means.
We list the equipment necessary for holding a mass event. Specify the quantity if necessary.
Decor:
Musical arrangement:
We list all the pieces of music used throughout the event. In order to make remarks further in the text, it is advisable to structure as follows:
Visual:
Video #1. Video film "Name", author (compiler), technical editor.
Video #2. Excerpt from the video film "Name", author (compiler), technical editor.
Decorations, props, attributes:
Name, quantity.
Didactic, Handout:
Name, quantity.
Conditions and features of implementation.
We indicate the requirements for the room, the number of tables, chairs, the presence of blackout, lighting solution, etc.
Methodological advice on conducting.
IN free form we indicate what preliminary organizational events need to be carried out: distribute roles (to whom), at what frequency to conduct rehearsals (and whether they are needed at all), how to gather spectators, who should be the host, when is it better to hold the event, etc.
3. The course (structure) of the event.
Epigraph.
Characters.
Full text presenters and heroes, description of games, contests; remarks in the text reveal the features of the characters of the characters,ongoing action, musical arrangement, artistic numbers, etc.; namescharacters are printed on the left side of the text, stand out and do not merge with the main text.
The names of the actors (in the list and in the text of the event) are highlighted in bold (either by detente or in capital letters). Lines of the list of actors turn off to the left (or start with a small indent).
Under the list of actors, there may be a brief description of the place and time of the action, which can be italicized.
Example 1:
CHARACTERS:
Vasya Pupkin
– 35 years old, driver
Alla Pupkina
– 35 years old, his wife
Vova Pupkin
- 9 years old, son of Vasya and Alla
The family sits near the table and listens to the radio (sound #1).
1st ACTOR ( remark after the hero's name, italicized, DOT BEHIND BRACKET ). Text actor. (An internal remark, also in italics, THE POINT IS PUT INSIDE THE BRACKET.
in italics.
2nd ACTOR . Character text. (Internal note, in italics, DOT INSIDE BRACKET. ) Continuation of the text of the actor.
A remark describing the place of action and the situation on the stage, or the behavior of other characters, is drawn upin italics.
If after the extended remark there is a continuation of the text of the speaking character, then this text is drawn up without a paragraph indent.
3rd PERSON ( remark after name, in italics, DOT BEHIND BRACKET ). Character text.
An interval is made between the external remark and the text of the speaking character.
Scripting note. The script is supplied with methodological advice, remarks.It literally contains the words of the presenters, readers, actors, lyrics. Stage directions give stage directions:light score,the movement of the participants of the holiday on the stage, etc.
Example 2 . The course of the event can be arranged in the form of a table. If possible, use hyperlinks to point to the file that is used in a given place in the script (video, music and sound files). This approach provides a clear structuring of multimedia material and the convenience of working with it.
Pomrezh (walks around the stage, muttering to himself).So, they can’t even turn on the soundtrack without me ... Silence in the studio! Perky, perky ... roll square, drag round, wet wet, dry, dry, respectively, I'm joking, who didn't understand, it's not my fault!/Notices people with a cube and a large globe, literally fulfilling the above./
Ahh, doubles! Gotcha!
Slide #1, sound #1
Studio workers
…Well, so you yourself ... as they tell us ...
Pomrezh
No, you are not losers!.. You are typical victims of the EGEnization of education! Where they said, they put a tick there - no flexibility of thinking!(Having removed the megaphone, into the microphone.) What a thing they studied before! .. They managed to pass both physics and history on the same spur! ... From one leading question, such theories unfolded, such theorems were proved!A ... Pythagoras jumped out of his rectangular pants!
Video #1
Studio workers
Really?..
Sound #2
4. Literature.
We arrange alphabetically according to GOST.
5. Applications.
Didactic materials, questions and answers of quizzes, crossword puzzles, diagrams, tables, etc.
Bibliography
Guidelines for teaching staff of the educational institution DOD (requirements for compiling and writing a script, methodological development and guidelines) / comp. Shevtsova M.M., GOU DPO (PC)S "Kuzbass regional IPK and PRO", Kemerovo. - 2011.
Sedykh, T. Technology of a mass event / T. Sedykh // Library at school. - 2007. - No. 6, March 16-31. - S. 23-27.
Sedykh, T. What is it. Dictionary mass forms works / T. Sedykh // Library at school. - 2006. - No. 15, August 1-15. - S. 2-3.
Smelova OI Bravo, mass work! [Text]: work experience / O. I. Smelova // Library - 2003. - No. 2. - P. 16-17.
Annex 1
Sample design title page mass event scenario
MUNICIPAL BUDGET INSTITUTION OF ADDITIONAL EDUCATION "CENTER OF ADDITIONAL EDUCATION"
P.TYULGAN
Scenario new year holiday
"New Adventures of the Snow Maiden"
Destination– students in grades 5-6
village Tyulgan
Appendix 2
Form Dictionary mass work
The dictionary is a list of forms of mass work. It includes both traditional, historically established forms of events, as well as promising, innovative ones that are only emerging in connection with the development of the information needs of society.
All lexical units of the dictionary are presented in the nominative case singular(e.g. conversation, review).
For all phrases, an inverted word order is adopted (for example, a bibliographic lesson, a reader's conference).
All terms are listed in alphabetical order.
When compiling the dictionary, the following were used: the SCS database, professional periodicals, Internet resources.
Forms of mass events:
CD-ROM contest
Hi-Fi - book (Hi-fi book)
Open-air ("light atmosphere", "outdoors" - English)
PR action
PR campaign
PRO-book movement
Teach-in (Teach-in) - a public discussion, a meeting to discuss topical issues. (In the universities of America, the form of extended lectures-seminars that continue without interruptions. Initially - as a kind of social protest).
A
Full house
Attraction
Literary chords
Promotion
Almanac
Literary and musical alliance (union, association)
Analysis (books, works)
Ensemble of Literary Stars
Art meeting
Art space (exhibition hall)
art hour
Art therapy
Assorted
book auction
Literary auction
B
Tales literary
Literary ball
Masquerade ball
book booth
Baby show (children's show)
Benefit
benefit book
Reading family benefit
Conversation
Conversation-dialogue
Conversation-dispute
Conversation game
Conversation-discussion
Workshop Conversation
bestseller show
library day
library caravan
Biblio Cafe
Biblio-magic
Librarynight
Biblio review contrasting (drive book, relax book, elite book, status book, shock book, sensation book, etc.)
Bible Twilight
Bible show
Blitz experience (a form of industrial study)
Blitz Poll
Blitz program
Blitz Tournament
Fight intellectual
Fight speakers
brain ring
Bulletin
Bureau of Literary Novelties
Bureau of Creative Found
IN
literary variations
Vernissage
Vernissage literary
Newspaper Vernissage
Version (game)
Evening
Evening bibliographic
Evening of questions and answers
graduation party
The evening is mysterious
An evening of belles-lettres
Historical evening
book evening
Local history evening
Evening of criticism and praise
Evening literary
Evening literary and journalistic
Evening of rest
Memorial evening
Poetry evening
An evening of poetic mood
Evening of reviews
family evening
An evening of laughter / humor
Reader's Experience Evening
Evening auction
Evening meeting
Evening discussion
Evening compliment
Evening portrait
Evening dedication
Requiem Evening
Evening of Russian romance
Evening fantasy
Evening elegy
Comme il faut evening (evening of good manners)
Literary party (tertulia)
socialite party
Video-
Video quiz
videocruise
Video lecture
video salon
Video tutorial
Video tour
Video encyclopedia
Quiz
Quiz-search
Chance Quiz
Express quiz
Electronic quiz "BiblioIQ"
Literary turns
Vaudeville
Meeting
Meeting for a samovar
Literary meeting
Thematic meeting
Meeting-interview
Meeting-presentation
Literary selections
G
Newspaper talking
Newspaper live
Gallery
Literary guide
Literary globe (story about writers different countries)
Literary horoscope
Lounge local history
Living room literary and musical
Loud reading
Folk festivities
Gourmet-evening lovers .... genre
D
Digest
Digest problem-thematic
Literary debate
Debut
Debut literary
hen-party
Tasting of literary novelties
Deja vu (unknown about known, already seen, read works)
Duty ("On duty for...")
Decade of a young specialist
Decade of Tolerance
Literary Case No.
business circle
Demonstration
Library Day
Day of fun
Day of the returned book
forgetful reader day
Youth Book Day
information day
book day
Open Day
profession day
Day of Russian Traditions
Specialist Day
Happy Reading Day
Reading Day (family)
Library landing (in kindergarten)
Landing literary
Dialogue is up-to-date
Dialogue female
Literary dialogue
stagecoach literary
Discussion
Dispute
Distusovka
Days of national cultures
Report
Domino book
Information and bibliographic dossier (IBD)
Literary duel
AND
Livejournal
virtual magazine
open magazine
Magazine oral
W
Literary riddles
Meeting
finest hour
Starfall poetic
AND
A game
Bibliographic game
business game
The game is intellectual
The game is historical
Literary game
Educational game
career guidance game
The game is psychological
Role play
Family game
Ecological game
Economic game
Mystery game
Competition game
game report
performance game
Journey game
fantasy game
Tour game
Game Library
The illusion of Russian literature
Image cocktail (meeting someone)
Games Empire
Improvisation
dramatization
Interview
Sideshow
Literary intrigue
infomania
Inform digest
Inform dossier (collection of materials about someone, about something)
Inform courier
Inform release
Information minute
book temptation
literary temptation
Historical turns
TO
Book frame
literary pun
Book constructor
Casino
Calendar
Kaleidoscope interesting facts
Skit
Caravan of impressions
stories, books
Carnival of ideas, books
literary carnival
Cascade of literary pleasures
Cafe literary
Debatable swing (discussion by two teams of any problem, question)
Quest (team game)
Clip review
Club of cheerful and resourceful
Club of cheerful and well-read
Video travel club
discussion club
Club of connoisseurs
Literary Club
Something Lover's Club
Family Reading Club
book-search
Cocktail
Collage
Literary compass
Literary composition
Musical composition
The composition is poetic
Stage composition
Contest
Competition of virtuoso criticism
Correspondence competition
Local history competition
Professional competition
Reading Families Competition
Recitation competition
own composition
Erudite Competition
Competition-concert
Competition-expedition
Sprint competition
Photo contest
Consultation
Conference
Reader's Conference
New Year's confetti
The concert is fabulous
Piggy bank of experience (a form of industrial study)
Kingdom bibliographic
Creative project
Creative laboratory
Creative collection
Tic-tac-toe literary
Round table
Around the world literary
Circle
Literary cruise
Literary and local history cruise
Courage-evening
Literary courses
L
Laboratory
creative laboratory
Success Lab
Reader's Taste Lab
Reader Creativity Lab
labyrinth
Writer's shop
Lecture hall
Lecture
ladder of knowledge
Speech ladder
Literary Lyceum
Lyceum for kids
Long list
book lottery
Literary Lotto
Pilot literary
M
Marathon
Masquerade
Master Class
Workshop of Joy
Memorina
Freshman Month
Dreams and thoughts about the profession (professional meetings)
mini studio
Satirical miniatures
Moment of glory
Minute fun
Creative minutes
Moments of joyful reading
Mystery
Rally
Mosaic
Brainstorm
Monitoring of book novelties
book museum
Literary Museum
Museum of Poetry (Little Known Literary Facts)
Musical
H
Nabat literary
book navigator
Literary navigation
Local history book week
housewarming book
Non-stop (poems on one topic, one author or copyright)
Nostalgia
ABOUT
Bibliographic review
Analytical review
Literary review
Theatrical review
review-thinking
review-retro
Review-Advertising
review-game
Overview-interview
review-journey
Review-show
Exchange of information (a form of industrial study)
Discussion
Literary Association "Creators and Talents"
Olympics
Survey
Orbit literary
Review
Open tribune
open microphone
creative report
P
Puzzle of Readers' Preferences
Palazzo Books ( foreign literature)
Panel of favorite books (authors)
Panorama
Parade of books (on one topic)
Parade of literary heroes
Parade of national cultures
Book paragraph (scientific knowledge about something)
Bearing (search for new literary names, readers)
Transmission (television, radio)
Crossroads of opinions
pyramid of knowledge
Ecological poster
book captivity
Playground interactive
Literary platform
Platform for free reading of sports literature
Gift to the reader (for the Day...)
Podium
Literary podium
opinion podium
Duel of dreamers
Field of Dreams
controversy
Polygon of opinions
Information portal
Bookcase (review of new products)
Dedication to readers
Gatherings girlish
evening gatherings
Folklore gatherings
Theatrical performance
book teaching
Hike for knowledge
Post office (review of periodicals)
Holiday
Festival of bibliographic discoveries
Military-patriotic holiday
book holiday
Family holiday
Folklore holiday
Reader's Feast
Reading Feast
Workshop
Performance
puppet show
Performance musical game
Theatrical performance
Folk performance
Variety performance
Presentation of the author, book, magazine
Magazine premiere (book)
Debate
Prestige meeting
Declaration of love for the genre (book, author)
book adventure
Oath (book)
Press conference
Mileage (from Aesop and La Fontaine to Krylov)
Seeing off (winter)
Literary forecast
Program
Game program
Information program
Competitive program
Concert program
Literary program
Educational program
Entertainment program
Creative program
Educational game program
Reading program (summer, family)
Lottery program
Walk
Walk through the literary square
Library walk
Library Spotlight
Promo action
Promotion of book culture
Library pulse
literary pulse
Guide
Journey virtual
Extramural travel
Travel literary and ethnographic
Journey musical
Journey along the golden ring of Russian literature
(XIX century)
Journey through the Silver Ring of Russian Literature (early 20th century)
Journey fabulous
R
Creative work
book radar
radio game
Broadcast
The collapse of the book
Educational entertainment
Thinking/reasoning
rendezvous with a book
Literary angle
literary rarity
Story staged
Rebus
Literary regatta
Report-review
Respect meeting
Retrospect (journey into the past)
Speech tuning (enrichment of vocabulary)
ring library
Ring literary
Ring legal
Erudite Ring
The Ground of the Knights of the Word (books)
Robinsonade
Pedigree book
Drawing literary (bibliographic)
WITH
book garden
Saga (tale)
literary
Literary salon
Literary and musical salon
Salon poetic
Svetelka literary
Literary traffic light
Secret materials
Seminar
Workshop
Seminar-training
Literary sensation
Serpentine
Fairy tale out loud
Fairy tale-hint (legal situations)
Self-assembled book tablecloth
Library square
buffoons
Slide program / Journey
Gathering / Gathering
verbal skirmish
Laughter time (for April Fool's Day)
Review competition
Meeting of connoisseurs
Collection of book lovers
Literary competition
Play
Dispute-dialogue
Help show
Style-meeting
discussion table
Wanderings in bookland
Studio
Book steps
book souvenir
literary court
Literary chest
Congratulation scene
surprise scene
Lucky case
T
Creative laboratory (librarian)
book theater
puppet theater
TV show
teleconference
Tertulia (literary party)
Reading area
Test
Shooting gallery intellectual
Talk show
training
Intellectual training
Training workshop
Tribune of controversy of bold hypotheses
Literary tour
Tournament
At
Universiade
bibliographic lesson
Library lesson
funny lesson
The lesson is entertaining
local history lesson
Literary lesson
memory lesson
creative lesson
Lesson conversation
lesson game
Lesson Journey
Fairy tale lesson
fantasy lesson
Ecological lesson
matinee
F
Factory of poetic stars
Favorite book
Fant night (New Year's fantastic holiday)
Phaeton literary
Extravaganza
fireworks night
Phenomenon club
Peoples' Friendship Festival
Youth Book Festival
Professions Festival
Health Festival
Flash mob (collection of people for the purpose of holding a one-time action)
Formula for success (meeting someone)
Forum
photo cross
X
Hit parade
hobby club
round dance
C
Ceremony
Meeting cycle
cycle gallery
H
Theatrical tea party
sorcerer-evening
An hour of mutual verification (a form of industrial study)
Q&A hour
information hour
history hour
Literary and historical hour
Good Literature Hour
Music Hour
Hour multimedia
Hour of non-standard ideas
Communication hour
Hour of knowledge and discovery
Poetry hour
Lawyer's Hour
Hour of professional communication (a form of industrial training)
Hour of reflection
fantasy hour
Ecological hour
Chat (virtual conversation)
Readings
Readings are loud
Miraculous Reading
Youth readings
Miracles in the Library
W
Sabbath (on the night of all saints)
Library tent
Masterpieces of the literary world
School
school of geniuses
School of communication
School of crafts, amateur gardeners
School of florists, gardeners
shock conversation
Show
The show is intellectual
Show blitz
Show program
Joke minute
E
Genre evolution
Excursion
Tour virtual
Guided tour virtual
Expedition
Experiment
exposition
Express review (discussion)
Impromptu
Encyclopedia of Good Literary Taste
Hermitage unique encounters
Scrabble show
Sketches of an amazing life
Relay race
aesthete show
Etiquette class
Etude bibliographic
YU
Book Anniversary
Anniversary of the genre
Anniversary of the writer
Humorina
I
Turnout with confession (for the debtor)
Literary Fair
Fair of creative ideas (a form of industrial study)
In the script, unlike other works of art, the action is as concentrated as possible. There is no place in it for deep reflections of the characters and careful description of landscapes. The screenwriter must express all this through actions and dialogues, and the director will work on a beautiful “picture”.
In general terms, all scripts are the same - whether it's a full-length drama, short film, cartoon or commercial. They follow the standard five-part structure of exposition, opening, development, climax, and denouement, but differ in detail. If you plan to extract some profit from your idea, you need to identify the goal at the start, determine the theme, genre and format of the film.
How to start writing a script
Script creation - creative work, but the film industry requires a formalized approach. Producers and directors have no time to read huge volumes, so they have developed a generally accepted system of "creative documentation" that allows you to understand at the initial stage whether it is worth taking on a project. The main recommendations in this regard are contained in the documents of the Writers Guild of America (Writers Guild of America), which sets the "fashion" around the world.
The proposed scheme in general view approaches writing any scripts, except, perhaps, series, which require a special approach.
1 Idea. You must clearly understand what you are writing about. The author's imagination is not limited, but the work needs an approximate format - a full-length movie, cartoon or something else.
In addition, you need to know the market conditions and the popular formats of various film studios and TV channels in order to immediately imagine who you can sell your idea to.
2
Logline - the most concise statement of the idea of the film, formulated in one or two sentences. It should contain a description of the characters, their actions and some result of the dramaturgy. Try to introduce some kind of conflict into the logline and demonstrate the originality of the plot. Here is an example of a logline that you can easily recognize.
3
When the general concept of the film is in your head, you need to pick up 3-5 similar films in the same genre. They will become a guide for you, but this does not mean that you can borrow ideas from them.
4
It's time to ask the question "How to write a screenplay"? What will be the beginning, climax and denouement of the plot, who will become the main character and who will be the secondary one, what will be the main line of the film, and what scenes can color the “second layer” of the story?
This will be the structure of your script - its skeleton and work plan. A separate document, which also precedes the writing of the script, is the characterization of the characters. She describes appearance, character and history of the protagonist, as well as other characters.
5
It's time for the synopsis. With it, you can "sell" the script to the producers. The synopsis is the essence of your script. It should briefly describe the plot, plot points, climax and denouement of the film. But you should not open all the cards at once - the synopsis should force the producer to read your entire script. The volume can be from 1000 characters to two or three printed pages. With a well-crafted synopsis, you can already start looking for a producer and director for your upcoming film.
6
To more fully present your idea, a treatment may be required. It's essentially an extended 10-page synopsis that tells the story in sequence without lengthy dialogue. It helps the producer to better understand what the viewer will eventually see on the screen.
In Russia, instead of treatment, a scenario application is common. It reflects the key elements of the project: title, logline, target audience, and the main idea of the script in a free form.
7
The synopsis was to the liking of the producer, the investors were impressed by the treatment, your portfolio contains a contract of intent (or better yet, a large deposit in foreign currency). Now it's time for the first draft.
Do not limit your imagination, do not follow the volume and quality of the text. You write the first version of the script solely for yourself, in order to put the whole story on paper from beginning to end in some semblance of a logical order. At this stage, the script includes all the scenes of the future film with all the dialogues, the actions of the characters and the description of the scenery.
8
It's time to transfer the entire resulting stream of consciousness into the strict framework, in fact, of the script. First you need to decide on the recording format.
In the Russian tradition, the script looks like rich prose with occasional notes by the screenwriter regarding the time and place of the action, scenery and acting characters. Such a script is convenient to read, but few people will make a movie based on it today.
The world has adopted a more standardized and concise "American" format. It is like a truncated play, and each scene is written according to strict rules. In addition to the two "classic forms", there are also specific forms of screenwriting for commercials, music videos and "silent" films. It is always better to check with the customer which technical requirements he submits to the script so as not to redo the work twice.
9
But then the following editorial versions begin, of which there may be several dozen. In the second edition, you need to decide how well the structure of the film you conceived is reflected - whether all the plot twists are taken into account, what can be thrown out without losing the meaning. On the third run, pay attention to your characters - maybe someone "got out of character", he needs to be replaced or even sent to the piggy bank for the next project.
In the fourth edition it is necessary to subject the dialogues to a strict revision. Speak them out loud - does it sound like natural human speech? Finally, in the finale, go through all the stylistic, grammatical and spelling errors so that the text is not ashamed to be shown to the customer.
10
Having put the last point after numerous editions, return to the beginning - it's time to come up with a name. All the titles that were signed previous documents These are just working options. But only now, when you have fully revealed your whole idea, registered the whole plot and characters, you can decide on the final title.
Film script: sample
This is how, for example, a sample script for a documentary filmed in 2018 looks like. It is written in the "American" format, which is drawn up according to a strict standard.Firstly, the script is written only in Courier New font and 12-point size - this allows you to put each page in about one minute of screen time. Secondly, each new scene starts with short description place and time of action in accordance with generally accepted abbreviations. And after that comes the description of the action in the most compressed format and the dialogues of the characters.
At the same time, the requirements of different film studios may vary slightly, so it is always better to get a sample of an acceptable format in advance in order to focus on it in your work.
SCENE 37 INT. VILLAGE HUT - EVENING
Double exposure: an image appears through the scroll - VOYEVODA holding a scroll, on the table of the manuscript
C/C ANNOUNCER:
And up the river Amur is a mountain, and there is silver ore in it, and from that mountain many people sit up in villages, and in the villages there are fifty and one hundred and one and a half yards, and they plow arable land, and there are a lot of horses and all kinds of animals and small ones, and wine
SCENE 38 EXT. RIVER BANK - DAY
The leader descends from the embankment to the Amur River
LEADING C/C:
From the banks of the Lena, Russian explorers penetrated the Amur and the first was the written head Vasily Poyarkov. He brought important information about the Amur, about its riches, about the peoples inhabiting it. But to get this information, he had to go through very severe trials.
SCENE 39. ANIMATION. MAP
Animation, graphics: Map, a Cossack boat is sailing on it, the route of their movement is shown
LEADING C/C:
The Cossacks of Vasily Poyarkov crossed the Stanovoy Range and descended into the valley of the Zeya River, a tributary of the Amur, where they set up a winter hut
Cover: Andraz Lazic
Within a month of release, Avengers: Infinity War grossed $2 billion and became the fourth-highest-grossing film in the world, surpassing even Harry Potter. What is the secret to the success of the Marvel franchise? Recognizable characters, special effects and, of course, the script. In this article, we will show you how to write a screenplay so that you want to watch a movie many more times.
How to write a movie script: basic rules and structure
The main secret of a good script is that every second the viewer should be interested in what is happening on the screen. A big budget and a stellar cast don't save a boring film. Show the viewer a story that he will remember and want to return to.
Preparing to Write a Screenplay
You have great idea movie, but how to turn it into a script? We recommend starting with brainstorming. Write down all the ideas that come to your mind, no matter how stupid they may seem. Filter out the weak and leave the strong. Choose the one that seems to be the most successful. You can continue to work with her. Try to develop this idea, make a "scenario story" out of it. Roughly describe the main events, characters, setting, and conflict.
To turn a story into a full screenplay, study its subject matter. Do you want to make a documentary film about any events? Find archival materials and people who have information. Do you dream of filming space adventures? Learn as much as you can about space. Any sources are suitable for collecting information: from the Internet to archive files and interviews with specialists.
Structure
Most of the films we know and love are based on a three-act structure. Simply put, the script can be broken down into three acts or parts:
- exposition
- climax
- denouement
The standard length of a film script is from 90 to 120 pages - one minute of screen time per page. The exposition takes about 30 pages, the climax - about 60, the denouement - 30.
Consider how the script is written, using the example of each act.
Act one. exposition
In the first act, the viewer gets acquainted with the exposition - the protagonists and antagonists of the film, their goals, motivation and behavior. It is important to remember that every action of the hero must be motivated by something. Explain what drives the antagonist and why he needs to be stopped. This will help avoid misunderstandings and plot holes. At the end of the act, there is a plot - a key event that prompts the characters to action.
Let's take the example of the Avengers.
Iron Man and his crew, the Guardians of the Galaxy, and the people of Wakanda have been onscreen for a while now, so it's easy for the writers to bring viewers up to speed. Yes, it was not necessary to re-describe all the characters, but the viewer, who has not watched the previous films of the franchise, will find it difficult to navigate what is happening. The action takes place in several locations, each of which is shown in the first 15 minutes. We see that events will take place not only on Earth, but also in outer space and in other dimensions. The plot is the moment when the Black Order flies to Earth for the Time Stone, and the Guardians of the Galaxy discover an unconscious Thor in outer space.
The task of the screenwriter in the first act is to introduce the viewer to the characters, their stories, character and motivation.
Act two. climax
In the second act, the heroes face difficulties that they must overcome. This is the longest part of the film, taking up about half of the screen time and in which the main action takes place. At the same time, as the plot develops, the obstacles become harder.
During the second act there is a reassessment of the values of the characters, their motivation and behavior. There is a climax at the end of the second act.
In Infinity War, the heroes individually try to save the world from the threat of the disappearance of half the population. Thor, in search of a new weapon, revives the extinguished star on Nidavellir, the Guardians are looking for the Reality Stone, Tony Stark, Spider-Man and Doctor Strange fly to Titan to meet Thanos.
The second act describes the main events. The hero begins to act, develop and change his behavior. The end of the act is the climax of the script.
Act three. denouement
The third act is the final part of the film. All storylines come to their logical conclusion. In this part of the scenario, the hero solves the problem and passes all the tests. The ending of the scenario should be logical, amenable to the rules of what was described earlier. Write an ending that will evoke emotions in the viewer.
In The Avengers, the denouement begins at the moment when all the heroes gather in Wakanda to fight Thanos. The key is the snap of the fingers. This is the logical conclusion of the entire film, the results of which we are seeing on the screen in the last minutes: half of the characters (and the entire planet) disappear, the remaining half are in shock from what happened, and Thanos, who fulfilled his destiny, watches the sunset on an unknown planet.
Unusual for the comic book genre, it is not the protagonists who win at the end of the film, but the antagonist. The writers deliberately left the ending open. Throughout the next year, fans will offer their versions of what happened, build theories, wait for the sequel and book movie tickets in advance. However, for a three-act structure, such an ending is not uncommon.
The third act is the most dynamic and emotionally intense part of the script. The action is approaching the denouement, and events are taking place at an accelerated pace.
How to write a script for a YouTube video: get the viewer interested in a minute
In order for the video not to be lost among others on YouTube (or other video hosting sites), it must stand out and be memorable. First of all, decide on an idea. What will the video be about? Who is the main character? What will happen? Who are you shooting for? "YouTube audience" is quite picky, so do not neglect the script for the video.
Start with an introduction. Greet the viewer and introduce the theme of your video. the main task introductions - to interest the audience and make them watch the video to the end.
The main part depends on the format of the video. Draw a rough storyboard of your video. A storyboard is a series of illustrations of key scenes in a video, which allows you to remove unnecessary things even at the planning stage.
Draw a timeline - make a list of major events in chronological order. think over key points that you want to draw in the storyboard and decide how detailed it will be. Find a ready-made template or draw a sequence of rectangular frames on paper and fill them in with sketches of future scenes. Near each rectangle (frame), leave a little space for comments.
In the final part, summarize, describe the benefits of your video. Ask the viewer a question to get feedback.
How to write a script for a commercial: introduce your product to everyone
In the first part, introduce the viewer to the hero and his problem. The task is to convey positive emotions from the purchase of a product or service as accurately as possible. For example, in New Year's advertising iPhone X and AirPods, Apple show how important it is to share joy with others and how their technology helps in this.
In the main part, show how the hero tries to solve the problem. Present your product and its benefits. Explain why you need to buy your product, and not a similar one from another manufacturer or seller.
In the final part, show the hero's emotions from solving his problem.
We share tips that will make it easier to write a promo video synopsis:
- Research the market before writing a script. So you will know exactly what is interesting to a potential buyer.
- Use the compare element. The viewer wants to see the benefits of what he can spend money on.
- Surprise. Show how much the life of the person who received your product will change. A striking example is the well-known Snickers advertisement with the phrase: “You are not you when you are hungry.”
The script is the first stage of work on the video. Decide what genre you want to shoot in and brainstorm. If you want to write a movie script, understand the three-act structure and gather enough information. To shoot a commercial or Youtube video, study target audience This will help attract as many viewers as possible. Remember: the more responsible you are in writing the script, the easier subsequent shooting will be.
It so happened that on the pages of this blog the author almost never touches on the purely technical or bureaucratic aspects of the issue. When it comes to shooting, the focus is not on camera models and lenses. When talking about editing, the name of a particular editing program can only occasionally flash by.
“... the script, in essence, is not the design of the material, but the stage of the state of the material on the path between the temperamental concept of the chosen topic and its optical embodiment.<…>Written at worst by a simple craftsman, it gives the traditional optical description of what is to be seen.The secret is not in this.
The center of gravity lies in the fact that the script expresses the purpose of what the viewer will have to experience.<…>Sometimes the purely literary arrangement of words in the script means more to us than the meticulous recording of facial expressions by the recorder.
He is echoed by Vsevolod Pudovkin in the article "The Creativity of a Writer in Cinema":
“None of the screenwriters thinks that, in the end, their material is the word, that it is with the word that they must convey to the director that complex of thoughts and feelings that the viewer should subsequently receive on the screen.<…>Successful verbal design is combined with that unmistakable flair for expressive visual material, which is characteristic only of filmmakers, and with an impeccable knowledge of the laws of picture composition.
Their arguments are quite convincing. But if both positions have strong enough arguments, what choice do you make?
The vast majority of film companies in the world (including Russian Federation) long ago adopted the American film script as the standard, and in almost every one of them, text formatted differently will simply be thrown out. But this is not the main thing.
The main argument for the "American" I call the fact that it is more efficient to work on it from the point of view of the craft. She, which is not played on the screen, and contains everything you need to immediately see the movie.
Of course, nowhere is it forbidden for a screenwriter to pre-record a literary basis for himself before it turns into an American-format screenplay, but is it worth spending extra effort and a lot of time?
One way or another, if you take the "American" as a standard, then when writing, you will need the appropriate tools. In the pre-digital era, screenwriters had to regularly fiddle with typewriter settings to reproduce the myriad requirements listed above. Today, thanks to computer programs everything is greatly simplified.
There is a great variety of screenwriting programs: Final Draft, Celtx, Fade In, Movie Magic, domestic KIT Scenarist and Writer (as a plug-in for MS Word). In general, they are similar, therefore it makes no sense to consider each separately.
Personally, I have been using Celtx for many years. It's free, extremely simple and intuitive to use. By pressing the Tab key while working, the scriptwriter instantly changes the formatting of a line to an action, dialogue, remark, or title. In addition, it allows you to keep a storyboard, a calendar and production plan, a list of props, etc. within the framework of one project.
However, the reader can try any other specialized software for writing their scripts.
I think that it is quite possible to combine the specifics and production of the American format with the artistic expressiveness of the literary script. For what?
So that the director, if he independently works on the script, at the stage of developing the text, catches the atmosphere, a kind of emotional temperature of the scene, episode and the whole upcoming movie. If the director has already received finished script, then with a certain imagery that exists in it, he will be able to feel the emotion of the text, which will certainly help him with further work over directing.
How to implement this within the framework of a strict "American"?
With the help of literary techniques: comparisons, allegories, and, of course, details. Then the dry protocol text comes to life - it acquires a specific emotional coloring. That same temperature.
The introduction of an artistic image is found in some authors from Hollywood. Here is an example of the opening scene from Alfonso Cuarón's script "Gravity":
script example
It seems to me that, in the end, one should try to get closer to the combination of artisanal reinforced concrete quality and artistic power.
Not only is it able to stir up the creative imagination of each of the readers of the script (whether it be a producer, actor or cameraman), but it also develops the thinking of the author himself in the process of writing, allowing him to better feel his own material.
And it's a must in positive side affect the resulting film. At least I don't have the slightest doubt about it.
Annex 1. Title page *
* Frame is optional
1. Scenario is a form of literary work. A screenwriter in a movie must have the mindset of a cinematographer and remain a writer and playwright.
Literary screenplay- a finished film dramaturgical work containing a conceptual and compositional solution for the future film, the development of scenes and episodes with accurate dialogues, an indication of the place and time of the action, and an approximate indication of the footage.
2. Requirements for scenarios in form and content.
2.1. The following must be attached to the script:
Theme, problem, idea, main conflict of the work, through action, counteraction, brief description of the main characters.
Compositional analysis: exposition, plot, development of action, climax, denouement, finale.
2.2. The script must be written in a highly artistic literary language, without spelling and punctuation errors.
2.3. The script must meet the moral, ethical, creative, production and technical capabilities of TV and cinema, and must not contain scenes of pathological violence, pornography, or obscene language.
Front page
On the first, title page of A4 format, it is indicated educational institution, faculty, department. IN THE MIDDLE in the center is written the genre and the name of the script. If this is a film adaptation, then the title page MUST indicate the title of the adapted work, the name and surname of its author. Below is the city and year.
FONT
On the second page and beyond is the script itself. Font Courier, 12 pt, spacing 1, margins - all 2 cm. No bold or italic words are allowed in the script, except for the title and genre. The screenplay should not contain inserts, inserts, author's notes and corrections with a pen or pencil.
SAMPLE
Episode 1 "Quarrel"
INT. Maria's apartment, dining room, night
Victor is sitting at the table. Drinks tea and smokes.
Maria enters. She is wearing a long house dress - a kind of oriental hoodie. Maria has wet hair after a shower. Maria sits down. He pours himself a glass of water.
MARIA (drinks water in one gulp)
Eat. I have to... I want you to listen to me carefully. On the rights .... Well, let's say, on the rights of an old friend. After all, we were together for three years.
INTERVALS AND INDITIONS
Everything that is sequentially written in the script - scene descriptions, titles, dialogues, etc. - is ALWAYS written at ONE interval.
There are NO paragraph indents in a professional script recording. The script text must be justified.
DIALOGUE
Dialogue follows immediately after the character's name. Dialogue is written ONLY in lowercase letters. Dialogue is what the characters say. Aspiring screenwriters often write too long dialogue for their characters. It is worth remembering that clear, concise dialogue is what a script, producer, director (and teacher...) needs.
REMARKS
They are placed when you want to show in the text exactly HOW the character says his line. Remarks are ALWAYS written with a lowercase letter. They should be used extremely rarely for two reasons. First, the actor/director absolutely does not want the screenwriter to go into their profession and tell them HOW to say/act the dialogue. Second, and more importantly, if the dialogue is well-written and emotionally written, then there won't be much need to show HOW to read the text. However, if remarks are so necessary, then they are placed after the character's name before the dialogue:
Vasya (stunned)
So are you pregnant?
Some screenwriters describe short actions in stage directions.
MASHA (involuntarily rising from her chair)
What did you say doctor? How is it - I'm pregnant?!
In the character's dialogue, any delay, silence, etc. is indicated in the remark by using ONLY the word "pause":
Vasya (pause)
So are you pregnant?
You should try not to use remarks such as: meaningfully silent, thoughtfully silent, hesitantly hesitating, etc. Such instructions will be given to the actors by the director.
