The implementation of construction projects requires the development of special documentation, in accordance with which the work of specialists should be carried out. Its structure, as well as the procedure for approval, are determined by law - at the level of federal regulations. The main element of the corresponding set of sources is the project documentation. In some cases, it can be supplemented by working, as well as specifications. What are the features of the development of project documentation in construction? What are the main sources of law governing its application?
What is project documentation?
Under project documentation (or design estimates) it is customary to understand a set of sources, which may include both textual and graphic materials, designed to determine the lists of architectural, technological, constructive, as well as engineering solutions used in the implementation of a construction project.
Depending on the complexity of the tasks facing the firm, the structure of the relevant documentation may vary. It depends on its composition, which specific specialists will be involved in the development of these sources.
The role of design documentation in construction
Other documents, the inclusion of which in the design and estimate documentation is required by law.
It can be noted that the section that reflects information about the engineering infrastructure includes several subsections, namely, sources that disclose data on water supply, sanitation, heating, ventilation, air conditioning, gas supply, communications.
Also, in the structure of the section under consideration, there should be a subsection that provides information about technological solutions. It should be noted that in accordance with the Urban Planning Code, correctly drawn up project documentation includes sections presented in a slightly different structure. In particular, it involves the inclusion in the sources under consideration of a section reflecting information on ensuring the necessary level of safe operation of construction projects, which, in turn, is not provided for by Decree No. 87.
If the project documentation requires the inclusion of other sections that are not defined as its mandatory elements in the legislation, then their list is fixed in agreements between the developer of the relevant sources and the customer. It can be noted that some of those sections of the documentation that are defined by law must be included in it only if the construction project is implemented at the expense of budget organizations. Their specific list is given in Decree No. 87.
Can be compiled for individual stages of implementation construction works project documentation? Documentation, the project described in it, indeed, can be considered in the context of specific periods of implementation building plan. In this case, the need to develop a separate group of sources for each stage is fixed in the task for creating the project. At the same time, this procedure is subject to justification by special calculations, which confirm the possibility practical implementation certain design solutions in the framework of the implementation of the construction project in stages.
In addition, the documentation used in specific periods of construction is developed to the extent prescribed. Its structure in terms of the main elements, as well as the presence of sections, must comply with the requirements established in Decree No. 87.
Purpose of working documentation
So, we have considered what a well-prepared project documentation includes, as well as its main features. However, in practice, this set of sources, in order to regulate construction work, as a rule, is also supplemented by another type of documentation - working documentation. It will be useful to study its features.
It can be noted that Regulation No. 87 does not unequivocally regulate the order in which the working component of the sources for the project implementation should be developed. The relevant legal act establishes that, like the project documentation, it includes both text and graphic documents. For example, drawings, various specifications.
In principle, design and working documentation can be created simultaneously. The composition and structure of the latter are generally determined by the customer or the developer, depending on the detailing of certain solutions given in the project documentation. The corresponding parameters can be fixed in the task sent to the developer of the considered sources.
The main elements of working documentation are drawings, specifications and other supplementary documents. Based on them, the implementation of those decisions that are provided for by the project is carried out.
Specifications as part of construction documentation
The next most important type of source that can complement project documentation is specifications. It will be useful to consider their specifics. To a certain extent, the application of technical conditions is also regulated by Decree No. 87. Thus, the relevant legal act states that they are developed and approved if:
The implementation of design documentation requires a larger list of requirements that reflect the reliability and safety of structures, relative to the list established by regulatory enactments;
The relevant requirements are not defined in the regulations.
Specifications must be developed in the manner prescribed by law. In practice, it is determined by the competent department - the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Public Utilities of the Russian Federation in agreement with other federal bodies of the Russian Federation.
Thus, the project documentation includes working documentation in cases provided for by law, as well as in the presence of certain agreements between the customer and the developer of the relevant sources. In some cases, it is supplemented by technical conditions, which are also created in the manner determined by the legislator.
The structure of project documentation according to Decree No. 87
In accordance with the provisions of Decree No. 87, the preparation of project documentation involves the inclusion of text and graphic elements in it. The first should reflect:
Information about the construction object;
Descriptions various solutions, in particular technical;
Calculations that justify the decisions made in the development of the project.
The graphic part of the project documentation clearly displays the relevant solutions. For this can be used:
Blueprints;
Graphic schemes;
Other Required documents presented in graphical form.
The preparation of project documentation within the framework of the acquisition of both types of elements, both textual and graphic, must be carried out in compliance with the requirements of the legislation on state secrets by the organization that performs the relevant work. The way in which certain elements of the documentation in question should be drawn up is regulated by the standards established by the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Public Utilities of the Russian Federation.
Documentation review
So, we have considered that the design and estimate documentation includes, in accordance with what rules of law it is drawn up. It will also be useful to study one of the most important aspects of its application - the state examination of these sources.
The procedure under consideration is carried out in order to create construction objects in accordance with the requirements of the legislation in force in various fields, including those aimed at ensuring the guarantee of observance of the rights of citizens and organizations in various legal relations. Design and estimate documentation must undergo an examination in accordance with the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation, as well as Federal Law No. 337, adopted on November 28, 2011. The corresponding procedure is carried out by the competent state authorities.
However, in preparation for construction firm can turn to the services of private structures that can provide support for the examination in question. What is the nature of this service?
Accompanying the state examination of construction documentation
Accompanying the examination of project documentation includes most often:
Conducting a non-state examination in accordance with criteria generally consistent with those that guide the competent departments;
Audit of specific sections of the documentation to identify gaps in them, determine the degree of compliance established requirements legislation;
preparation necessary materials for the transfer of documents to government agency who conducts the examination.
Many firms also offer their customers advisory support directly during the period of their interaction with departments that conduct state examination of documentation. Experts recommend contacting companies that are ready to provide both legal, organizational and consulting support for the development of project documentation. In all the mentioned aspects, the assistance of experienced specialists can be useful for an enterprise implementing a construction project.
Cost calculation
List of sections of design documentation for capital construction facilities for industrial and non-industrial purposes
(residential buildings, warehouses, office buildings, shopping centers, business centers, etc.)
GPU
Lease contract
Cadastral plan
land contract
Specifications
SRO designers
Project documentation
1. Explanatory note
2. Scheme of the planning organization of the land plot
3.Architectural solutions
4.Constructive and space-planning solutions
5. Information about engineering equipment, engineering and technical support networks, a list of engineering and technical measures, the content of technological solutions
5.1. Power supply system
5.2. Water supply system
5.3. Drainage system
5.4. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning, heating network
5.5. Communication networks
5.6. Gas supply system
5.7. Technological solutions
6. Construction organization project
7. Project for the organization of work on the demolition or dismantling of capital construction objects "(performed if necessary, demolition (dismantling) of an object or part of a capital construction object)
8.List of security measures environment
9. Measures to ensure fire safety
10.Measures to ensure access for persons with disabilities
10(1). Measures to ensure compliance with energy efficiency requirements and the requirements for equipping buildings, structures and structures with metering devices used energy resources
11. Estimate for the construction of capital construction projects
12. Other documentation in cases provided for federal laws
12.1. Safe operation buildings and structures
12.2. civil defense and emergency situations
12.3. Anti-terrorist measures
12.4. Traffic management
Geotechnical
Engineering and geodetic
Engineering and environmental
List of design documentation sections for linear capital construction projects
(gas pipelines, water pressure units, electricity networks, etc.)
Initial permit documentation
GPU
Lease contract
Cadastral plan
land contract
Specifications
SRO designers
Project documentation
1. Explanatory note
2. Project of the right of way
3.Technological and Constructive decisions linear object. Artificial constructions
4. Buildings, structures and structures included in the infrastructure of a linear facility
5. Construction organization project
6. Project for the organization of work on the demolition (dismantling) of a linear facility
7.Measures for environmental protection
8. Measures to ensure fire safety
9. Estimate for construction
10. Other documentation in cases stipulated by federal laws
Documents based on the results of engineering surveys
Geotechnical
Engineering and geodetic
Engineering and environmental
Cost calculation
To develop a project for new construction, renovation or overhaul required to develop project documentation. The composition of project documentation is regulated by Decree No. 87 "On the composition of sections of project documentation and requirements for their content."
All projects can be divided into 2 categories: capital construction facilities and linear facilities.
Capital construction objects include various buildings and structures that have above-ground and (or) underground parts, including premises, engineering and technical support networks and engineering and technical support systems and intended for living and (or) activities of people, locating production, storage of products or keeping animals.
Capital construction projects do not include temporary structures. Temporary buildings do not require an examination at all, therefore, there are no requirements for the composition of project documentation.
Temporary buildings and the capital construction option have external similar features, while, according to the Town Planning Code of Russia, technical differences between the objects are defined:
- The object of the capital characteristics of the construction is tied to a permanent foundation, while there is always a link to the land. A temporary building may not have a foundation.
- A capital facility involves the collection of permits for full operation, while a temporary building has minimum set documents for permission to operate.
- The minimum service life for an object of category CS (capital construction) is 25 years, and may be more than 100 years. Temporary buildings should be used for no more than 25 years, with prerequisite demolition.
- The capital object cannot be demolished, transferred to another place, with the exception of a number of provisions of the urban planning code.
- The object of completed construction works involves the use of property rights with registration in the Rosreestr; for temporary buildings, restrictive permissive functions of property rights are presented.
Linear objects include: power lines, communication lines (including linear cable structures), pipelines, roads, railway lines, bridges, overpasses, pedestrian crossings and other similar structures.
If a linear facility contains buildings and structures that are related to capital construction, then a project for a linear structure is developed in accordance with the list of sections for a linear structure and separately projects for buildings and structures in accordance with the requirements for sections on capital construction. Section 4 of the linear facility provides a list, characteristics and links to building designs that are part of the infrastructure of the linear facility.
The composition of the design documentation for the capital construction object:
Section 2 "Scheme of the planning organization of the land plot" (PZU)
Section 3 "Architectural Solutions" (AR)
Section 4 "Constructive and space-planning solutions" (KR)
Section 5 "Information on engineering equipment, on networks of engineering and technical support, a list of engineering and technical measures, the content of technological solutions"
This section consists of subsections:
a) subsection "Power supply system" (IOS1);
b) subsection "Water supply system" (IOS2);
c) subsection "Water disposal system" (IOS3);
d) subsection "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning, heat networks" (IOS4);
e) subsection "Communication networks" (IOS5);
f) subsection "Gas supply system" (IOS6);
g) subsection "Technological solutions" (IOS7).
Section 6 "Construction Organization Project" (POS)
Section 7 "Project for the organization of work on the demolition or dismantling of capital construction objects" (POD)
Section 8 "List of Measures for Environmental Protection" (LEP)
Section 9 "Measures to ensure fire safety" (PB)
Section 10 Accessibility Measures for Persons with Disabilities (ODA)
Section 10(1) "Measures to ensure compliance with energy efficiency requirements and the requirements for equipping buildings, structures and structures with metering devices for the energy resources used" (EE)
Section 11 "Estimates for the construction of capital construction facilities" (SM)
Section 12 "Other documentation in cases provided for by federal laws"
The composition of design documentation for linear facilities:
Section 1 "Explanatory Note" (PZ)
Section 2 "Project of the right of way" (PPO)
Section 3 “Technological and design solutions for a linear facility. Artificial Structures (TKR)
Section 4 "Buildings, structures and structures included in the infrastructure of a linear facility" (ILO)
Section 5 "Construction Organization Project" (POS)
Section 6 "Project for the organization of work on the demolition (dismantling) of a linear facility" (POD)
Section 7 "Measures for the protection of the environment" (EP)
Section 8 "Measures to ensure fire safety" (PB)
Section 9 Construction Estimate (CM)
Section 10 "Other documentation in cases provided for by federal laws"
If any of the sections is not being developed, then this section is still written as part of the project, but we add the inscription “Not developed” to the note. The section numbering does not change.
For example, Section 7 “Design for the organization of work on the demolition or dismantling of capital construction objects” is not always required and we do not develop it, but the numbering of sections does not change because of this, the following section Section 8 “List of environmental protection measures” will remain section 8.
A section may contain subsections, such as in Section 5. In larger projects, subsections may also be subdivided. Parts are divided into books.
2345-IOS4.1.1 - Section 5. Information about engineering equipment, engineering networks, a list of engineering measures, the content of technological solutions. Subsection 4. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning, heating networks. Part 1. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning. Book 1. Major Decisions.
2345-IOS4.1.2 - Section 5. Information about engineering equipment, engineering networks, a list of engineering measures, the content of technological solutions. Subsection 4. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning, heating networks. Part 1. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning. Book 2. Automation systems for heating, ventilation and air conditioning
Each section, subsection, part and, if necessary, book, compiled in a volume, as well as each text and graphic document included in a volume, is assigned an independent designation, which is indicated on the cover, title page and/or in the main inscription, as well as in the headers and footers of text documents executed without main inscriptions.
The section "Other documentation in cases provided for by federal laws" contains sections that are not included in the main list, but are necessary in the project, for example:
- Declaration of industrial safety of hazardous production facilities (PB HPO);
- List of civil defense measures, measures to prevent natural and man-made emergencies (GOChS)
- Technological regulations for waste management
- Security and protection deratization system (OZDS)
- Transport security
- Survey reports
and other sections that are provided for by federal laws or the design assignment from the Customer.
All documents are assigned their own code, in accordance with the current design organization system. The cipher includes, for example, the number of the agreement (contract) and / or the code of the construction object (numeric, alphabetic or alphanumeric). It is allowed to include other codes used in CAD and EDMS in the basic designation.
If the section is divided into parts, then the part designation is made up of the section designation, to which the part number is added.
2345-PZ - Section 1. Explanatory note.
2345-PZU1 - Section 2. Scheme of the planning organization of the land plot. Part 1. General information.
2345-PZU2 - Section 2. Scheme of the planning organization of the land plot. Part 2. Decisions on internal railway transport. If the part is divided into books, then the designation of the book is made up of the designation of the part, to which the number of the book is added through a dot.
Requirements for the preparation of project documentation are set out in GOST R 21.1101-2013 SPDS. Basic requirements for design and working documentation
Volumes are completed in the following order:
— cover;
- title page;
- statement "Composition of design documentation" (It is allowed not to include the statement "Composition of design documentation" in each volume, but to complete it with a separate volume);
- text part;
— graphic part (drawings and diagrams).
The number of sheets included in the volume is determined from the need to ensure the convenience of work, as a rule, not more than 300 sheets of A4 format according to GOST 2.301 or an equivalent number of sheets of other formats.
The title page is performed in accordance with Form 12 (Appendix H GOST R 21.1101-2013).
The following details are on the cover:
- field 5 - the name of the capital construction object and, if necessary, the type of construction. The name of the construction object on the cover must correspond to the information given in columns 2 and 3 of the main inscription (see Appendix G);
- field 9 - volume number according to the list "Composition of design documentation" or "Composition of reporting documentation based on the results of engineering surveys" (if any);
- field 10 - year of issue of the document;
- field 11 - to place the table of registration of changes in the form 11 of Appendix M (if necessary).
The title page is performed according to form 13 (Appendix P GOST R 21.1101-2013).
The title page contains the following details:
- field 1 - abbreviated, and in its absence - the full name of the parent organization (if any); usually indicated for government organizations;
- field 2 - logo (optional), full name of the organization that prepared the document;
- field 3 - the number and date of issue of the certificate of admission to the relevant types of work (preparation of project documentation or surveys) that affect the safety of the capital construction object;
- field 4 - short name of the customer organization (if necessary). The name is indicated in the form: “Customer - name of the customer organization”;
- field 5 - the name of the capital construction object and, if necessary, the type of construction. The name of the construction object on the title page must correspond to the information given in columns 2 and 3 of the main inscription (see Appendix G);
- field 6 - type of documentation (if necessary);
- field 7 - the name of the document;
- field 8 - document designation;
- field 9 - volume number according to the list "Composition of design documentation" or "Composition of reporting documentation for engineering surveys" (if any);
- field 10 - positions of persons responsible for the development of the document;
- field 11 - signatures of the persons indicated in field 10, performed in accordance with GOST R 6.30. This field is also affixed with a certifying imprint of the seal of the organization that prepared the document;
- field 12 - initials and surnames of the persons indicated in field 10;
- field 13 - year of issue of the document;
- field 14 - for placing a table for registering changes in form 11 of Appendix M (if necessary);
- field 15 - for additional columns of the main inscription in accordance with Appendix G. It is allowed to present the information contained in these columns in a different form in accordance with the requirements established in the standards of the organization.
The title may also be in A3 format, if the document itself has such a format.
