Cosmetic properties of titanium dioxide, the main characteristics of the substance, the benefits and potential harm from the use of cosmetics with titanium dioxide.
The content of the article:
Titanium dioxide is a widely used ingredient in cosmetics, food products and many other products different types industry. It does not have a wide spectrum of activity, but is quite useful in a number of production technologies. The cost and demand depend on the degree of purification. This parameter also determines the degree of security. Let's take a closer look at the main beneficial features the substance and the possible hazards associated with its use.
What is titanium dioxide
Titanium dioxide has unique properties, due to which it has become widespread.
Let's bring brief description given substance:
- As labeled on labels, synonyms. Titanium dioxide, Titanium Dioxide, titanium white, titanium anhydrite, titanium oxide, titanium oxide, CI 77891, Titanium oxide, Titanic acid anhydride, Pigment white 6, micronized titanium dioxide.
- Basic properties. It has a high whitening ability, is easily combined with film formers, is stable, has excellent hiding power.
- Receipt. It may be of natural origin - it is rutile, a mineral, the concentration of titanium dioxide in which is about 60%. Before use in any production, it must be thoroughly cleaned of impurities.
- Scope of titanium dioxide. Paint and varnish production, for the manufacture of rubber and plastics, laminated paper, glass (optical and heat-resistant), for the creation of refractory materials, artificial gems, ceramic dielectrics, as a photocatalyst in nanotechnology, in Food Industry, in pharmaceuticals and for the manufacture of cosmetics.
- Danger level. In accordance with the classification of hazardous substances, the dioxide has a hazard class IV, i.e. is low risk. It is not toxic. characterized by inertia. Does not pose a risk to the skin.
- Permissible concentration. The described substance is safe if the concentration in the air does not exceed 10 mg/m3.
Cosmetic properties of titanium dioxide
The vast majority of cosmetics - decorative, caring, cleansing - contain titanium dioxide. But this does not mean at all that it effectively copes with many cosmetic problems and is very beneficial for the skin.
It is not an active component due to its inertness. It is not able to change the characteristics of the skin. It does not have moisturizing, stimulating, antioxidant properties, tk. it does not penetrate the skin. However, the benefits of his presence are still there. Which - consider in more detail.
From a practical point of view, Titanium Dioxide is used in the production of products designed to give a special shade to the skin and to protect it from ultraviolet rays. In this context, it has several useful cosmetic properties:
- Acts as a dye. Titanium Dioxide is primarily used as a dye. It perfectly whitens any components. The whitening properties of CI 77891 are actively used in the production of tinting products - foundation, powder, eye shadow, blush, because. allow you to set the desired shade by mixing in different proportions with other dyes.
- . Titanium dioxide crystals are able to protect the skin from the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation. This ability allows us to classify this substance as an SPF filter.
- Is an excipient. It is used as a thickener of mixtures, filler, gives the desired viscosity to the product. Titanium dioxide has also been credited with retaining moisture and masking some skin imperfections.
Can you be sure of the safety of using products containing titanium dioxide - read on.
Titanium dioxide in cosmetics: harm or benefit?
Titanium dioxide is a substance approved for use not only in cosmetics, but also in the food industry. It owes a lot. Currently, controversy surrounding this ingredient does not subside. Some research centers are conducting studies designed to confirm or refute the safety of the use of this dye and SPF filter.
Consider several controversial and ambiguous options:
- Application as a dye. Yes, titanium dioxide significantly improves the consumer characteristics of products - it bleaches the mixture, giving it a noble white color. However, in this context, we can talk about creating an attractive appearance of the product, because. White color is always associated with cleanliness and safety. Therefore, this use case is important from a marketing point of view for the manufacturer, but is in no way associated with practicality and usefulness for the consumer. Another thing is the use in decorative cosmetics to give a special shade. However, even here there are restrictions on the content, for example, up to 10% in foundation creams, up to 15% in powders.
- Use in antiperspirants. Aerosol antiperspirants containing titanium dioxide are potentially harmful to humans. This is due to the fact that a highly crushed substance is used in the production, and when spraying an aerosol, particles involuntarily enter through the respiratory tract into the lungs. From where they can be carried by the bloodstream to all organs of the body. It is believed that titanium dioxide is easily excreted from the body unchanged. But recent studies show that Titanium oxide nanoparticles, which are increasingly used by manufacturers of various product groups, penetrate cells and have mechanical impact on DNA. These data appeared after the experiments on rats. There are no reliable data on the effects on humans yet.
- Application as an SPF filter. The first titanium dioxide sunscreens left a white mark on the skin after application. This problem manufacturers decided as follows - they began to use nanoparticles of this substance. Indeed, the cream became more transparent, so it stopped leaving marks on the skin. But this led to the fact that the filtering ability of the product changed. When crushed to nanoparticles at the same specific gravity, Titanium oxide acquires a large surface area and can become a photocatalyst that will enhance the damaging effects of ultraviolet radiation.
- Use in topical products. Separately, it should be said that titanium dioxide has the ability to clog pores and lead to the formation of acne. To avoid this, you should pay special attention to thorough cleaning of the skin after applying cosmetics containing this component.
Thus, the use of titanium dioxide may be unsafe in the context of physicochemical reactions, provided that it is used in nanoparticle sizes. Consumers should carefully study the composition in order to minimize the risks of developing negative reactions.
What is the harm of titanium dioxide in cosmetics
Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that not every cosmetic product containing titanium dioxide can be safe. It will not be possible to completely abandon such products in a short time, because. the use of this ingredient has become firmly established in production technologies. In anticipation of new research results, it is worth remembering the precautions for certain categories of people - people with sensitive skin and children.
The harm of titanium dioxide for owners of problem skin
Problematic skin is most susceptible to the negative influence of various factors, so the most gentle cosmetics should be used to care for it. The harm of using titanium dioxide in cosmetics for problem skin appears more often than on the normal type.
Despite its chemical neutrality towards the dermis and any ingredients of cosmetic and detergents, titanium dioxide can create a sticky film on the skin, which not only retains moisture, but can also cause acne, irritation, especially on oily skin prone to such defects.
In the case of normal skin, there is no increased secretion of sebum, sweat, so these impurities will not cause problems.
In any case, it is necessary to choose high-quality makeup removers, because. Residues of titanium dioxide can accumulate in the skin pores and provoke the appearance of new irritations.
Is titanium dioxide in cosmetics harmful for children?
As mentioned earlier, Titanium oxide is used everywhere, even in products for children. Now the popularity of children's cosmetics is growing. This substance is used in powders, creams, children's decorative cosmetics, toothpastes, soaps, etc.
On the label of each product, the coordinates for contacting the manufacturer are indicated. Before buying, it is best to make sure that nanoparticles are not used in a particular product, because they carry the greatest danger. The ingestion of microparticles of this substance is fraught with changes in DNA, impaired immunity and unpredictable development of chronic diseases. In the case of a child's fragile organism, the danger increases several times.
It is noteworthy that theoretically the risk of getting nanoparticles from cosmetics into the body is quite small. Therefore, a complete rejection of the use of such products is not required. IN this case Parents should teach children proper use and avoid misuse.
If you need to use a sunscreen, it is better to choose one that leaves a white mark - this suggests that titanium dioxide is applied in the form of a coarse powder and will be safer.
What is titanium dioxide in cosmetics - look at the video:
Poorly purified titanium dioxide is a potential hazard. In this case, impurities can cause irreparable harm to the body. Unfortunately, it is quite difficult for the consumer to check this, it remains to rely on the integrity of the manufacturers. At the moment, titanium dioxide is approved for use in certain concentrations. But in the coming months, the situation may change, because the debate about its safety does not subside.
Dye e171 (titanium dioxide) is a white food pigment, insoluble in water and acid solutions, widely used in various industries. The additive, also called titanium white and titanium dioxide (TiO2, titanium dioxide), is produced in the form of a powder from transparent, but yellowing during heating, crystals.
Three varieties of titanium dioxide are found in nature: brookite and rutile with anatase, but only the crystal structure of the last two makes it possible to obtain a substance suitable for use from them. Its main sought-after property is its unique whitening ability, which, combined with non-toxicity, increased chemical, weather and moisture resistance, makes it so valuable to the consumer.
And the ability to give perfect whiteness, more attractive appearance edible products without affecting their taste and smell led to the widespread use of this additive in the food industry. The consumer form of titanium dioxide, being the main product of titanium processing, usually represents almost pure substance with slight inclusions of aluminum oxide with silicon dioxide to improve the technological characteristics of the product.
Main Applications of Titanium Dioxide
The substance of standard purity up to 99.99%, obtained in the process of thermal hydrolysis, is used for the manufacture of the most transparent glasses, applications in radio electronics, fiber optics, medicine and piezoceramics. To meet a wide consumer demand, the production of titanium dioxide as a pigment dye is possible in several different fractions adapted to a specific application, on which the size and shape of the crystals and the type of surface treatment (organic or inorganic) depend.
In industry, titanium white is used for the manufacture of paints and varnishes with improved covering properties, which protects painted surfaces from ultraviolet radiation, aging and yellowing of the film. They are also added to plastic products (window structures, furniture parts, household appliances and cars), which in addition to giving a high intensity to the white color increases their resistance to negative influences.
In the manufacture of ceramics, glass and rubber, titanium dioxide is often used as a catalyst for chemical reactions or as an inert base material, which makes it possible to operate products from them at elevated temperatures. The same additive increases the resistance to fading of printing ink, mattifies twisted fibers in the manufacture of synthetic fabrics, improves the structure of paper pulp with its bleaching in the paper and cardboard industry. The positive effect of titanium dioxide is also known, aimed at protecting wood from solar radiation, purifying the air and increasing the efficiency of welding fluxes.
Use of TiO2 in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals
The most widespread use of titanium dioxide in cosmetics, food industry and pharmaceuticals. In the latest production, it is added as a pigment that gives medicines a high degree of whiteness and opacity to tablet shells.
In cosmetics, TiO2 is used as a UV protection agent, considered one of the best for neutralizing UV rays in the manufacture of sunscreens, as a white pigment or filler in decorative cosmetics (powder, lipstick, eye shadow), antiperspirants, soaps and toothpaste. paste.
Knowing how to dilute titanium dioxide, fans of natural cosmetics make soap self made with special properties even at home. In addition to the desired shade of color, it gives the products opacity and hiding power. With its help, other types of pigments for cosmetic raw materials are also obtained, for example, titanized mica (mother of pearl).
The additive has found wide application in the food industry.
The use of the e171 additive is most widely used in the food industry. It is used both to impart certain properties to products, and to protect their plastic packaging from fading and ultraviolet radiation. This is especially true in the production of powdered products, fast-cooking semi-finished products, milk powder, etc.
Thanks to the use of titanium dioxide, fish products, sauces (with grated horseradish, mayonnaise and others), confectionery glazes, sweets and white chocolate receive an optically attractive appearance. With its help, flour is clarified for making dumplings and other semi-finished products from dough, as well as pates, sausages and bacon in the process of meat processing.
The food component e171, officially permitted by sanitary norms and rules, does not dissolve in the gastric juice and is not absorbed in the intestines, does not remain in the tissues and is completely excreted from the body. To date, no harm from eating titanium dioxide has been registered by clinical studies of the use of titanium dioxide, but in order to reduce the price of products, some manufacturers are trying to use alternative pigments that are not so safe for health.
It is also not recommended to exceed the daily dose of the optimal content of titanium dioxide in the diet, which is approximately 1%, for people with weak immunity, suffering from kidney and liver diseases, although data on its possible negative impact on these organs are not yet well understood, and research is ongoing.
The older generation probably remembers the natural shade of condensed milk - its color was far from the usual white. The condensed milk of those times was distinguished by its yellowness, as it was prepared on the basis of fats of animal origin. Now that recipes and GOSTs have undergone significant changes, many food products have acquired a woody white hue, but not because of the naturalness of the ingredients, but as a result of the machinations of manufacturers.
Briefly about the main
Meet: in the photo is food additive E171, that is, titanium dioxide. On labels and packages, it may be referred to as titanium dioxide. The product is supplied to food processing plants in the form of a powder, which is used as a white dye. Under natural conditions and in an insoluble form, it weakly, but still interacts with alkalis and acids. Currently, the substance is used in a number of industries, including the manufacture of fish canning, confectionery and bakery products.
Titanium dioxide occurs naturally in three forms: brookite, anatase, and rutile. However, the crystalline structure of the last two makes it possible to obtain a material suitable for further use.
Main areas of use
The substance extracted in the process of thermohydrolysis is necessary for the manufacture of transparent glasses. To meet consumer demand, the production of titanium dioxide in the form of a pigment dye is also possible in other areas adapted to a specific application. The shape of the crystals, the size and, of course, the type of surface treatment of the substance (inorganic and organic) depend on this. Thus, titanium dioxide is used in fiber optics, radio electronics, medicine, cosmetology, and piezoceramics.
In industry, TiO 2 is necessary for the manufacture of paints and varnishes with increased covering properties that protect the surface from yellowing, the negative effects of UV and aging. Also, the substance is added to plastic products (car parts, household appliances, furniture, window structures), which, in addition to giving them an intense white color, improves their resistance. external factors.
In the manufacture of ceramics, rubber, and glass, titanium dioxide is often used as an inert base material or as a catalyst for chemical reactions. This allows you to operate the finished product at elevated temperatures. Also, TiO 2 improves the structure of paper pulps, enhances the resistance of printing ink to fading, and mattifies twisted fibers in the production of synthetic fabrics.
Titanium dioxide: effect on the human body
So what do we know about E171 food supplement? It has been scientifically proven that the nanoparticles of the substance do not enter into chemical reactions with our cells. However, how they interact with tissues at the physical and mechanical level remains a mystery.
Ice cream, milk powder, chewing gum, icing on the cake - all of these products contain titanium dioxide. If you have a white food item in front of you, be sure that in 9 out of 10 cases it was made with the addition of titanium dioxide.
Its effect on the body is not fully understood. In simple terms: harmlessness is not refuted, and harm is not proven. Research is still ongoing. For example, University of California professor Robert Schistl has been working on this issue for several years. The experiments performed on mice are ambiguous, but they indicate the negative effect of TiO 2. Robert explained the effect obtained by the fact that nanoparticles are not completely removed from our body, but wander and settle, causing mechanical damage to protein chains over time.
It is worth noting that a superficial study conducted in Europe at the turn of the 20th century could not prove the negative impact of the substance on human health. Therefore, in 1997, titanium dioxide was added to the list of permitted additives.
Use in the food industry
TiO 2 is most widely used in this area. E171 is actively used both to protect plastic containers from UV radiation and fading, and to impart certain properties to products. This is especially true in the production of milk powder, semi-finished products and powdered food products.
Thanks to the use of food-grade titanium dioxide, mayonnaise, fish products, grated horseradish sauce, chocolate, sweets, cake glazes acquire a rich white tint and visually attractive appearance.
Even with the help of additives, manufacturers clarify flour for dumplings and other dough products, as well as bacon, sausages, pates during meat processing.
Additive E171 is officially permitted by sanitary norms and rules of the food industry, as it does not dissolve in gastric juice, does not remain in tissues, is not absorbed into the intestines and is excreted naturally.
Titanium dioxide in cosmetics
This industry uses exclusively highly purified TiO 2 with a fine structure. The powder crushed to a state of dust is added to the composition of protective creams, soaps, aerosols, powders, lipsticks and shadows. The main task of titanium dioxide is to reduce the negative effects of ultraviolet rays on the skin. According to experts, the substance copes with this quite well, since it has the properties of a UV filter.
The advantages of titanium dioxide include neutrality, since it does not enter into a chemical reaction with the skin, therefore it does not cause allergies. However, the product is not without flaws. In expensive cosmetics, dioxide regularly fulfills its role, but the use of products of dubious production is associated with considerable risk.
The most common prejudice about the supplement has to do with health hazards. In fact, this is very far from the truth, since it has been proven that the substance has a negative effect only when inhaled in large quantities. Nevertheless, cosmetics marked with titanium dioxide should be carefully removed, as the smallest particles clog pores, disrupting air exchange.
Why do pharmacists need TiO2?
Titanium dioxide can be found in many drug formulas. The main purpose is to make the drug more presentable, giving whiteness. Often the substance is used in the production of tablets, including vitamin and microelement complexes. TiO 2 is also added to various pastes, creams, suppositories, gels and other white preparations.
In pharmaceuticals, titanium dioxide is used in the form of a fine powdered substance. As a rule, it is introduced in a negligible amount, so no effect on the consistency and structure of the products is observed.
Official science has established that titanium dioxide is bioinert, that is, when taken externally and orally, the component is neutral. An exception is inhalation administration - inhalation of a large amount of TiO 2 particles provokes irritation of the mucous membranes. Again, the described effect is caused not by the chemical, but by the physical properties of the substance.
And finally
Despite the unproven harm and many areas where titanium dioxide shows its best properties, there is a group of skeptics who are convinced of the negative effect of the substance on human body. In particular, they suggest that the regular use of foods containing TiO 2 does not have the best effect on genetics. "Anti-Titans" are convinced: titanium dioxide provokes the development of the most terrible disease - a cancerous tumor.
The widespread use of this substance deprives buyers of the right to choose whether to purchase goods with E171 or not. However, we can safely say that there are many people who want to buy products, perhaps in an unpresentable, but in kind, without additives such as titanium dioxide.
Due to its properties, titanium dioxide is used today in the production of a wide range of goods for various purposes. Thus, more than 50% of the total volume of titanium dioxide is used for the manufacture of goods in the paint and varnish industry (titanium white), since the dioxide has excellent coloring properties. These are: paints (glossy, matte and semi-gloss, silicate, organosilicon, powder, emulsion and with fillers for a variety of construction, repair and industrial works, printing), varnishes and enamels, mixtures and solutions for priming, puttying, plastering, cementing, as well as polyurethane and epoxy coatings, including for wood. Dioxide, like metal, is white, so it is used as a pigment. Its main advantage is non-toxicity and harmlessness. In addition, the coatings acquire high resistance to ultraviolet radiation, do not turn yellow and practically do not age.
More than 20% of the production of titanium dioxide is consumed for the manufacture of plastics and products based on them with high thermal properties (for example, window plastic, various furniture, household items, parts of cars, machines and equipment), as well as rubber, linoleum and rubber. Here it acts as a filler, ensuring the resistance of products and surfaces to changes in light weather, resistance to changing environments, and protection from aggressive factors.
About 14% is used in the production of paper (white, colored, impregnated), cardboard, wallpaper. Titanium dioxide plays an important role in pigmentation. To give the paper smoothness, whiteness and high printing properties, dioxide or its mixtures with other pigments are applied to the surface.
Titanium dioxide of chemical purity 99.9998% is used in the production of fiber optic products, medical equipment, and in the radio-electronic industry. In the manufacture of ultrapure glasses, dioxide serves as the standard of purity. It is also indispensable in the production of heat-resistant and optical glass, as a refractory protective coating for welding. In the production of ceramics, dioxide is used to give maximum whiteness to a shard or enamel (engobam).
The use of titanium oxide in the cosmetic industry is known, in particular, to enhance the properties of sunscreens, the whitening capabilities of various creams, etc. Packaging materials with the use of titanium dioxide play an important role in the transportation and storage of products that are not resistant to sunlight. In the food industry, dioxide is used to whiten products such as minced fish and semi-finished products, white meat (squid, chicken), refined sugar, chewing gum, dragee, etc. At the same time, of course, the maximum concentration of dioxide in the mass of the product is regulated .
Also, the compound can be used as a catalyst in chemical and pharmaceutical production to obtain specific intermediates.
In general, for each production, the purity of dioxide, the amount and nature of impurities, permissible mass concentrations and other indicators. The production and consumption of titanium dioxide today is one of the indicators of economic development.
Titanium dioxide (E171) is a food additive with good whitening properties, therefore it is widely used in many areas (manufacturing, cosmetology, food industry). You can also find other names for E171: titanium dioxide, Titanium Dioxide, titanium dioxide and titanium oxide.
Additive Description
The chemical composition of E171: titanium dioxide (responsible for whitening) and titanium white. When heated, the substance turns pale yellow. This is an inert substance that does not dissolve in, and,.
In nature, titanium dioxide is found in some minerals, such as brookite, rutile and anatase. The dye is a white powder without a distinctive taste and aroma. It is characterized by long-term resistance to sunlight, acidic environments, alkalis and temperature fluctuations.
White crystals in fractional form are used in industrial sectors. They are obtained in two of the most common ways. The first is sulfate from ilmented concentrate, the second is chloride from titanium tetrachloride.
The main properties of titanium dioxide: it is not toxic at all, it has chemical resistance, does not change the smell (only the shade changes during heating), it is highly moisture resistant, it is fully compatible with absolutely any film products, it has a high whitening and at the same time coloring ability.
Titanium oxide in cosmetology
E171 is used in the production of various creams for a uniform and high-quality tan, in ointments for allergic reactions. It is recognized as one of the best substances that protect the skin from ultraviolet rays that cause skin melanoma.
Titanium dioxide can be found in cosmetics and beauty products such as powder, lipstick, eye shadow, antiperspirants, soaps, and toothpaste. Lovers of natural cosmetics prepare soap on their own and select the necessary and high-quality components. In soap, an obligatory component is E171, which not only gives the desired shade, but also protects it from sunlight. With the help of the additive, a high-quality cosmetic material is obtained, including titanium micas (saturated mother-of-pearl).
Titanium dioxide in food production
The use and widespread use of Titanium Dioxide in the food industry began in 1994, primarily as a natural dye, due to which an incredible whitening effect is obtained. In food, E171 is considered safe, but research and testing is under way to determine the effects of the supplement on the human body.
The dye is an indispensable component in the production of dry mixes, dairy products and instant breakfasts. As a natural bleach, it is used for the mass production of chewing gum. With the help of titanium dioxide, crab sticks (their white parts) and other seafood are bleached.
The food industry needs E171, because titanium dioxide dye is a primary component for creating cookies, buns, sweets and other products. The daily allowance for a person of this food supplement should not be more than 1 percent.
Titanium dioxide in medicine
The pharmaceutical industry also did not stand aside, since E171 is one of the components of many medicines. It is designed to:
- give tablets or capsules a whitish color;
- make them more presentable;
- extend the shelf life of the medicine.
White titanium dioxide is widely used in the medical industry in the production of tablet preparations and vitamin complexes. Adding powder to the bases of creams, suppositories, pastes and other pharmacological drugs has become commonplace.
Titanium dioxide in other areas
Also, titanium oxide can be found in the production of paints and varnishes (for example, laminated paper and plastics). The substance has refractory abilities, therefore it is necessary for the manufacture of optical glasses. It is also known to be used to create whitewash for plastering. welding electrodes. Thanks to this additive, the resistance to fading and aging of the topographic paint is increased, the structural features of the paper pulp in the cardboard and paper industry are improved.
Titanium dioxide is used in the form of microparticles in the field of nanotechnology, but this is still a new direction in the application of E171. Therefore, the global consumption of microparticles is approximately two thousand tons per year. The demand for titanium dioxide is explained by the fact that over the past few years there has been an increase in the production of consumer goods and other sectors of the national economy. In developed countries, the consumption of the additive should be 2 kg per person, but this is quite difficult to achieve, for example, in Russia this figure is only 300 grams. The capacity of sales and consumption markets is rapidly increasing, and this indicates that this food additive has good prospects on the world market.
For the large-scale production of ceramics, glass and rubber, titanium dioxide is used as a catalyst for chemical reactions, thanks to which it is possible to use finished products at elevated temperatures. Titanium dioxide has a beneficial effect on wood, it protects it from the radiation of sunlight.
How does E171 affect health?
The effect of food additives on the human body is being studied to this day. It is allowed in many states: Russian Federation, Belarus, European Union, America, Canada and others. This dye is in the Codex Alimentarius (code of food international standards) as a valuable nutritional supplement.
According to the results of many studies, it was found that the substance does not harm a person, but is this true? The supplement is not absorbed and accumulated by the body, after a few hours it is excreted from it. Tests have been conducted that indicate that titanium dioxide, when consumed, is capable of destroying body cells. But so far this opinion has not been confirmed by scientists.
It is not recommended to use the food supplement for people who have a weak immune system, kidney and liver diseases. When inhaled white powder increases the likelihood of cancer. This is confirmed by experiments carried out on rats. The dye was added to the rodents' food, five days later, the well-being and general condition of the rats were checked. During these 5 days, the chromosomes were deformed in rodents, the DNA chain was broken. The metabolism in rats is several times faster than in humans, so when testing the human body after consuming E171, the results can vary significantly.
It was believed that E171 is a harmless substance that does not cause chemical reactions in living organisms, but this is not so. The additive has a strong mechanical effect on living cells and can completely destroy their natural structure. There is a high probability that titanium dioxide dust has carcinogenic characteristics and can adversely affect a person's well-being.
Despite lengthy studies and experiments, E171 dye is used as a food additive and is considered safe, provided that it is added to food in minimal dosages.
Wherever it is used, titanium dioxide is an indispensable and natural supplement. This is primarily due to his technological features: it prevents, completely eliminates unwanted coloring of foodstuffs, is known as a colorant for foods and mixtures, gives an attractive appearance finished products. Most importantly, this supplement is derived from natural, sustainable sources. Experts say that only in case of an overdose can side effects occur, so the supplement is allowed in many states, since its harmful sides do not pose any significant risk to human health.
